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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of α1 receptors?
What is the main function of α1 receptors?
Which of the following is a selective β2 agonist?
Which of the following is a selective β2 agonist?
What is the effect of β2 receptors on smooth muscle?
What is the effect of β2 receptors on smooth muscle?
Which of the following is a non-selective β antagonist?
Which of the following is a non-selective β antagonist?
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What is the clinical application of adrenergic agonists in asthma treatment?
What is the clinical application of adrenergic agonists in asthma treatment?
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What is the effect of α2 receptors on blood pressure?
What is the effect of α2 receptors on blood pressure?
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Study Notes
Adrenergic Receptors
- Adrenergic receptors are a type of G protein-coupled receptor that respond to the neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE) and the hormone epinephrine (EPI)
- There are two main categories: α (alpha) and β (beta) receptors
Alpha Adrenergic Receptors
- Subtypes: α1, α2
- α1 receptors:
- Stimulate smooth muscle contraction
- Increase blood pressure
- Vasoconstriction
- α2 receptors:
- Inhibit neurotransmitter release (including NE)
- Decrease blood pressure
- Sedation and relaxation
Beta Adrenergic Receptors
- Subtypes: β1, β2, β3
- β1 receptors:
- Increase heart rate and contractility
- Stimulate renin release
- β2 receptors:
- Relax smooth muscle (bronchodilation, vasodilation)
- Increase glucose release from liver and muscle
- β3 receptors:
- Lipolysis (breakdown of fat)
Adrenergic Agonists
- Stimulate adrenergic receptors
- Examples:
- Epinephrine (EPI): non-selective α and β agonist
- Norepinephrine (NE): non-selective α and β agonist
- Phenylephrine: selective α1 agonist
- Isoproterenol: non-selective β agonist
- Albuterol: selective β2 agonist
Adrenergic Antagonists
- Block adrenergic receptors
- Examples:
- Phentolamine: non-selective α antagonist
- Prazosin: selective α1 antagonist
- Propranolol: non-selective β antagonist
- Metoprolol: selective β1 antagonist
Clinical Applications
- Treatment of hypertension, angina, and heart failure
- Management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- Anesthesia and surgery
- Treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
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Description
Learn about the types of adrenergic receptors, their functions, and the effects of agonists and antagonists. Understand their clinical applications in treating various medical conditions.
