Adrenal Medulla Pathology: Pheochromocytoma
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for 'dark' in the word Pheochromocytoma?

  • Oma
  • Pheo
  • Chromo (correct)
  • Cyto

What is the main function of chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla?

  • Regulate blood pressure
  • Produce melanin
  • Secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine (correct)
  • Secrete insulin

What is the effect of catecholamines on the body?

  • Constrict pupils
  • Decrease cardiac output
  • Decrease blood flow to skeletal muscle
  • Increase blood sugar (correct)

What percentage of pheochromocytomas are malignant?

<p>10% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where else can chromaffin cells be found in the body?

<p>Carotid arteries in the neck, bladder, and abdominal aorta (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What inherited syndrome is associated with pheochromocytoma?

<p>Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A and type 2B (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the gene that promotes cell growth and division?

<p>RET (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a tumor of nerve tissue on the tongue, lips, or in the GI tract?

<p>Mucosal Neuromas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a tumor suppressor protein?

<p>VHL (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the disease associated with a mutation in the VHL gene?

<p>Von Hippel-Lindau disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily responsible for the development of abnormal blood vessels in Sturge-Weber Syndrome?

<p>Mutations in the GNAQ gene (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of epinephrine and norepinephrine in pheochromocytoma?

<p>To increase heart rate and cardiac output (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical location of a pheochromocytoma tumor?

<p>Adrenal medulla (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common age range for neuroblastoma diagnosis?

<p>Infants and toddlers (&lt; 5 years old) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of CXCL12 in neuroblastoma pathogenesis?

<p>It attracts immune cells to the tumor site (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary symptom of neuroblastoma due to chemokine release?

<p>Fever (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the oncogene associated with neuroblastoma?

<p>MYCN (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for pheochromocytoma?

<p>Adrenalectomy with venous ligation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the substance released by sweat glands in response to epinephrine and norepinephrine?

<p>Acetylcholine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the inability of the face to sweat in Horner syndrome?

<p>Anhidrosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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