Adrenal Medulla Pathology: Pheochromocytoma
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for 'dark' in the word Pheochromocytoma?

  • Oma
  • Pheo
  • Chromo (correct)
  • Cyto

    • What is the main function of chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla?

  • Regulate blood pressure
  • Produce melanin
  • Secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine (correct)
  • Secrete insulin

    • What is the effect of catecholamines on the body?

  • Constrict pupils
  • Decrease cardiac output
  • Decrease blood flow to skeletal muscle
  • Increase blood sugar (correct)

    • What percentage of pheochromocytomas are malignant?

    <p>10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where else can chromaffin cells be found in the body?

    <p>Carotid arteries in the neck, bladder, and abdominal aorta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What inherited syndrome is associated with pheochromocytoma?

    <p>Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A and type 2B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the gene that promotes cell growth and division?

    <p>RET</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a tumor of nerve tissue on the tongue, lips, or in the GI tract?

    <p>Mucosal Neuromas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a tumor suppressor protein?

    <p>VHL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the disease associated with a mutation in the VHL gene?

    <p>Von Hippel-Lindau disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primarily responsible for the development of abnormal blood vessels in Sturge-Weber Syndrome?

    <p>Mutations in the GNAQ gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of epinephrine and norepinephrine in pheochromocytoma?

    <p>To increase heart rate and cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical location of a pheochromocytoma tumor?

    <p>Adrenal medulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common age range for neuroblastoma diagnosis?

    <p>Infants and toddlers (&lt; 5 years old)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of CXCL12 in neuroblastoma pathogenesis?

    <p>It attracts immune cells to the tumor site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary symptom of neuroblastoma due to chemokine release?

    <p>Fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the oncogene associated with neuroblastoma?

    <p>MYCN</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for pheochromocytoma?

    <p>Adrenalectomy with venous ligation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the substance released by sweat glands in response to epinephrine and norepinephrine?

    <p>Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the inability of the face to sweat in Horner syndrome?

    <p>Anhidrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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