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Adrenal Gland Function and Structure

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary site of steroid production in the adrenal gland?

Zona glomerulosa
Outer cortex (correct)
Inner medulla
Zona fasciculata

What is the primary function of aldosterone?

Regulation of glucocorticoid production
Regulation of sodium and potassium levels (correct)
Regulation of glucose release
Regulation of androgen production

What is the percentage of cortisol that is bound to cortisol-binding globulin?

95-100%
70-80%
50-60%
90-95% (correct)

What is the correct sequence of the adrenal cortex layers from outermost to innermost?

Zona glomerulosa, Zona fasciculata, Zona reticularis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary stimulus for cortisol production?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the hormone that exhibits negative feedback to the pituitary?

Cortisol (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is released by neurosecretory neurons into the anterior pituitary gland?

CRH (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of chronic cortisol release on the brain?

Atrophy of the hippocampus and depression (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cortisol on adipose tissue?

Lipolysis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic finding in secondary hypocortisolism?

Absence of hyperpigmentation and decreased ACTH (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the ACTH stimulation test?

To diagnose primary adrenal insufficiency (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cortisol on the thymus?

Inhibition of immune cell production (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of adrenal crisis?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cortisol on the liver?

Increased gluconeogenesis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cortisol on skeletal muscles?

Increased proteolysis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Synacthen stimulation test?

To diagnose secondary adrenal insufficiency (C) Signup and view all the answers

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