Adrenal Gland Anatomy and Development Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason for the lack of recognized innervation to the adrenal gland?

  • Direct innervation from the spinal cord
  • Presence of parasympathetic fibers
  • Migration of postganglionic neurons (correct)
  • Innervation from the vagus nerve
  • During a right adrenalectomy, which vein is most susceptible to injury?

  • Left branch of portal vein
  • Inferior vena cava (correct)
  • Inferior phrenic vein
  • Right branch of portal vein
  • Which structure provides the embryonic origin for the adrenal medulla?

  • Notochord
  • Neural tube
  • Neural crest cells (correct)
  • Otic placode
  • Why do chromaffin cells play a crucial role in adrenal function?

    <p>Synthesize epinephrine and norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recognized type of innervation to the adrenal gland?

    <p>Parasympathetic fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of chromaffin cells being embryologically postganglionic neurons?

    <p>Undergo migration and differentiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the adrenal cortex secretes mineralocorticoids?

    <p>Zona Glomerulosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hormone secreted by the chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla under emergency conditions?

    <p>Epinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the right suprarenal vein drain into?

    <p>Inferior Vena Cava</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies blood to the adrenal gland as a branch of the inferior phrenic artery?

    <p>Superior Suprarenal Artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which zone of the adrenal cortex are sex hormones such as androgens or estrogens secreted?

    <p>Zona Reticularis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What controls the adrenal cortex mostly according to the text?

    <p>Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are responsible for secreting catecholamines in the adrenal gland?

    <p>Neuroectoderm cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the lymph from the adrenal gland drain into?

    <p>Lateral aortic lymph nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which syndrome is characterized by symptoms like moon facies, buffalo hump, and purple striae?

    <p>Cushing's syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During adrenalectomy, which nerve fibers are severed that directly innervate the adrenal medulla?

    <p>Pre-ganglionic sympathetic fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region supplies sympathetic fibers to the adrenal medulla?

    <p>T8 – L1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells make up the adrenal gland during development?

    <p>Mesoderm and neuroectoderm cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

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