5.05 Quiz: Adolescent Growth and Nutrition

Adolescent growth spurt typically lasts 12-18 months

Girls typically experience their growth spurt at 10-12 years of age

Adolescent growth spurt leads to a decrease in nutritional requirements

Adolescents may be influenced by peers, media, and nonparent role models in making food choices

A healthy diet during adolescence is important for adequate intake of calories, protein, calcium, and iron

By 2050, 20 percent of the population is expected to be over age 65.

The oldest age group, 85 years and older, is the fastest growing segment of the population.

The greatest dietary improvement for the older-adult population would be to eat more vegetables and grains, especially whole-grain products.

Normal aging is associated with body-composition shifts that most often lead to loss of physical resilience.

Animal studies have shown that an energy-restricted diet meeting micronutrient needs can lead to a longer lifespan.

Ageing Process

The ageing process is a biological reality with its own dynamic, largely beyond human control.
The age of 60 or 65 is considered the beginning of old age in most developed countries.

Age Classification

55 to 64: Approaching Old Age
65 to 74: Young Old
75 to 84: Old
85 and older: Oldest Old

Theories of Ageing

1. Programmed cell replication
1. Cross linkage
1. Immunological theory
1. Free radical theory
1. Biological clocks theory

Healthy Ageing

Older adults can meet their decreasing energy requirements by choosing nutrient-dense foods.
Drinking enough water is essential to stay hydrated, even when not thirsty.
Eating adequate amounts of vegetables, fruits, and whole grains, and keeping fats in balance, reduces the risk of contracting diseases.

Factors Contributing to Ageing

19% of ageing is due to genetics
10% of ageing is due to access to high-quality healthcare
20% of ageing is due to environmental factors such as pollution
51% of ageing is due to lifestyle factors such as diet and exercise, including not smoking

Demographics of Ageing

In Roman times, fewer than 1% of the population reached age 65
In 1900, 4% of the population reached age 65
Today, 13% of the North American population is aged 65 and older.

Test your knowledge about the physical changes and nutritional needs during the developmental period between childhood and adulthood. Learn about growth spurts, hormonal changes, and the importance of a healthy diet.