10 Questions
Adolescent growth spurt typically lasts 12-18 months
False
Girls typically experience their growth spurt at 10-12 years of age
False
Adolescent growth spurt leads to a decrease in nutritional requirements
False
Adolescents may be influenced by peers, media, and nonparent role models in making food choices
True
A healthy diet during adolescence is important for adequate intake of calories, protein, calcium, and iron
True
By 2050, 20 percent of the population is expected to be over age 65.
True
The oldest age group, 85 years and older, is the fastest growing segment of the population.
True
The greatest dietary improvement for the older-adult population would be to eat more vegetables and grains, especially whole-grain products.
True
Normal aging is associated with body-composition shifts that most often lead to loss of physical resilience.
True
Animal studies have shown that an energy-restricted diet meeting micronutrient needs can lead to a longer lifespan.
True
Study Notes
Ageing Process
- The ageing process is a biological reality with its own dynamic, largely beyond human control.
- The age of 60 or 65 is considered the beginning of old age in most developed countries.
Age Classification
- 55 to 64: Approaching Old Age
- 65 to 74: Young Old
- 75 to 84: Old
- 85 and older: Oldest Old
Theories of Ageing
-
- Programmed cell replication
-
- Cross linkage
-
- Immunological theory
-
- Free radical theory
-
- Biological clocks theory
Healthy Ageing
- Older adults can meet their decreasing energy requirements by choosing nutrient-dense foods.
- Drinking enough water is essential to stay hydrated, even when not thirsty.
- Eating adequate amounts of vegetables, fruits, and whole grains, and keeping fats in balance, reduces the risk of contracting diseases.
Factors Contributing to Ageing
- 19% of ageing is due to genetics
- 10% of ageing is due to access to high-quality healthcare
- 20% of ageing is due to environmental factors such as pollution
- 51% of ageing is due to lifestyle factors such as diet and exercise, including not smoking
Demographics of Ageing
- In Roman times, fewer than 1% of the population reached age 65
- In 1900, 4% of the population reached age 65
- Today, 13% of the North American population is aged 65 and older.
Test your knowledge about the physical changes and nutritional needs during the developmental period between childhood and adulthood. Learn about growth spurts, hormonal changes, and the importance of a healthy diet.
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