Administrative Law: Acts and Principles

Study Notes

Administrative Law

Administrative law is a complex area of law that governs the relationship between citizens and government agencies. It provides the legal framework for how these interactions occur and what rights and responsibilities each party has. Administrative law covers such aspects as decision making by public bodies, the procedural rules governing their actions, and the remedies available when those procedures are violated.

Administrative Acts

An administrative act refers to any action taken by an administrative body with respect to its functions. These can range from issuing permits and licenses to enforcing regulations and setting policies. Actions may also include creating new laws and regulations. Examples of administrative acts include decisions made by regulatory authorities like the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which grant approval for pharmaceuticals and medical devices; decisions made by school boards regarding admissions policies; and enforcement actions by regulatory authorities like the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).

Principles of Administrative Law

Principles of administrative law guide the application and interpretation of administrative law. Some key principles include:

Procedural fairness: Administrative bodies must provide fair procedures, such as notice and a hearing, before taking actions that could negatively impact individuals.
Reasonableness: Actions taken by administrative bodies must be reasonable, and must be based on evidence and not arbitrary or capricious.
Substantive due process: Administrative acts must be grounded in a legitimate legislative purpose, and must not be arbitrary or discriminatory.
Separation of powers: The power of administrative bodies must be balanced with the powers of other branches of government, ensuring that no one branch becomes too powerful.

These principles, along with others, are designed to safeguard individual rights and ensure that administrative agencies act in a fair and consistent manner.

Administrative Law: Acts and Principles

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Questions and Answers

Quais são alguns exemplos de atos administrativos?

Qual é um princípio fundamental do direito administrativo?

O que deve ser fornecido pelas entidades administrativas antes de tomar ações que possam afetar indivíduos?

Quais são algumas características dos atos administrativos?

Por que é importante o princípio da justiça processual no direito administrativo?

O que as agências administrativas frequentemente fazem para criar novos requisitos legais ou alterar os existentes?

O que permite que os tribunais revisem e anulem ações administrativas consideradas ilegais?

Qual é o objetivo dos princípios relacionados à delegação de autoridade no direito administrativo?

Quais são algumas proteções processuais que podem ser incluídas pela interpretação dos tribunais no conceito de devido processo legal?

Qual é a finalidade do Ato da Lei de Processo Administrativo estabelecido nos Estados Unidos em 1946?

Study Notes