Podcast
Questions and Answers
Solid abdominal organs include the:
Solid abdominal organs include the:
Which of the following organs would MOST likely bleed profusely if injured?
Which of the following organs would MOST likely bleed profusely if injured?
Which of the following organs lies in the retroperitoneal space?
Which of the following organs lies in the retroperitoneal space?
Injury to a hollow abdominal organ would MOST likely result in:
Injury to a hollow abdominal organ would MOST likely result in:
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Functions of the liver include:
Functions of the liver include:
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Which of the following organs assists in the filtration of blood, serves as a blood reservoir, and produces antibodies?
Which of the following organs assists in the filtration of blood, serves as a blood reservoir, and produces antibodies?
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The kidneys help to regulate blood pressure by:
The kidneys help to regulate blood pressure by:
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The parietal peritoneum lines the:
The parietal peritoneum lines the:
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The MOST common and significant complication associated with an acute abdomen is:
The MOST common and significant complication associated with an acute abdomen is:
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In the presence of ileus, the only way the stomach can empty itself is by:
In the presence of ileus, the only way the stomach can empty itself is by:
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Peritonitis may result in shock because:
Peritonitis may result in shock because:
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In contrast to the parietal peritoneum, the visceral peritoneum:
In contrast to the parietal peritoneum, the visceral peritoneum:
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Pain that may be perceived at a distant point on the surface of the body, such as the back or shoulder, is called:
Pain that may be perceived at a distant point on the surface of the body, such as the back or shoulder, is called:
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A 35-year-old mildly obese woman is complaining of localized pain in the right upper quadrant with referred pain to the right shoulder. The MOST likely cause of her pain is:
A 35-year-old mildly obese woman is complaining of localized pain in the right upper quadrant with referred pain to the right shoulder. The MOST likely cause of her pain is:
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A young female presents with costovertebral angle tenderness. She is conscious and alert with stable vital signs. Which of the following organs is MOST likely causing her pain?
A young female presents with costovertebral angle tenderness. She is conscious and alert with stable vital signs. Which of the following organs is MOST likely causing her pain?
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Pain that is localized to the lower back and/or lower abdominal quadrants is MOST suggestive of:
Pain that is localized to the lower back and/or lower abdominal quadrants is MOST suggestive of:
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Which of the following statements regarding the acute abdomen is correct?
Which of the following statements regarding the acute abdomen is correct?
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Erosion of the protective layer of the stomach or duodenum secondary to overactivity of digestive juices results in:
Erosion of the protective layer of the stomach or duodenum secondary to overactivity of digestive juices results in:
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Which of the following is characteristic of peptic ulcer disease (PUD)?
Which of the following is characteristic of peptic ulcer disease (PUD)?
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Pain that radiates to the right lower quadrant from the umbilical area, nausea and vomiting, and anorexia are MOST indicative of:
Pain that radiates to the right lower quadrant from the umbilical area, nausea and vomiting, and anorexia are MOST indicative of:
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Which of the following statements regarding gastrointestinal bleeding is correct?
Which of the following statements regarding gastrointestinal bleeding is correct?
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Esophageal varices MOST commonly occur in patients who:
Esophageal varices MOST commonly occur in patients who:
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Which of the following conditions is more common in women than in men?
Which of the following conditions is more common in women than in men?
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Chronic renal failure is a condition that:
Chronic renal failure is a condition that:
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A strangulated hernia is one that:
A strangulated hernia is one that:
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You are dispatched to an apartment complex for a young male with abdominal pain. Your priority upon arriving at the scene should be to:
You are dispatched to an apartment complex for a young male with abdominal pain. Your priority upon arriving at the scene should be to:
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Most patients with abdominal pain prefer to:
Most patients with abdominal pain prefer to:
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A 30-year-old woman with a history of alcoholism presents with severe upper abdominal pain and is vomiting large amounts of bright red blood. Her skin is cool, pale, and clammy; her heart rate is 120 beats/min and weak; and her blood pressure is 70/50 mm Hg. Your MOST immediate action should be to:
A 30-year-old woman with a history of alcoholism presents with severe upper abdominal pain and is vomiting large amounts of bright red blood. Her skin is cool, pale, and clammy; her heart rate is 120 beats/min and weak; and her blood pressure is 70/50 mm Hg. Your MOST immediate action should be to:
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Patients with acute abdominal pain should not be given anything to eat or drink because:
Patients with acute abdominal pain should not be given anything to eat or drink because:
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When assessing a patient with abdominal pain, you should:
When assessing a patient with abdominal pain, you should:
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Elderly patients with abdominal problems may not exhibit the same pain response as younger patients because of:
Elderly patients with abdominal problems may not exhibit the same pain response as younger patients because of:
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An important aspect in the treatment of a patient with severe abdominal pain is to:
An important aspect in the treatment of a patient with severe abdominal pain is to:
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A 47-year-old male presents with severe abdominal pain of 3 hours' duration. His abdomen is distended and guarded. Your MOST important consideration for this patient should be to:
A 47-year-old male presents with severe abdominal pain of 3 hours' duration. His abdomen is distended and guarded. Your MOST important consideration for this patient should be to:
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The MOST important treatment for a patient with severe abdominal pain and signs of shock includes:
The MOST important treatment for a patient with severe abdominal pain and signs of shock includes:
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A 59-year-old male presents with a sudden onset of severe lower back pain. He is conscious and alert, but very restless and diaphoretic. Your assessment reveals a pulsating mass to the left of his umbilicus. You should:
A 59-year-old male presents with a sudden onset of severe lower back pain. He is conscious and alert, but very restless and diaphoretic. Your assessment reveals a pulsating mass to the left of his umbilicus. You should:
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You are transporting a 49-year-old male with 'tearing' abdominal pain. You are approximately 30 miles away from the closest hospital. During your reassessment, you determine that the patient's condition has deteriorated significantly. You should:
You are transporting a 49-year-old male with 'tearing' abdominal pain. You are approximately 30 miles away from the closest hospital. During your reassessment, you determine that the patient's condition has deteriorated significantly. You should:
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Which of the following statements regarding dialysis is correct?
Which of the following statements regarding dialysis is correct?
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You respond to the residence of a 70-year-old male who complains of weakness and severe shortness of breath. His wife tells you that he is a dialysis patient, but has missed his last two treatments. After applying high-flow oxygen, you auscultate his lungs and hear diffuse rhonchi. The patient is conscious, but appears confused. His blood pressure is 98/54 mm Hg, his pulse rate is 120 beats/min and irregular, and his respirations are 24 breaths/min and labored. You should:
You respond to the residence of a 70-year-old male who complains of weakness and severe shortness of breath. His wife tells you that he is a dialysis patient, but has missed his last two treatments. After applying high-flow oxygen, you auscultate his lungs and hear diffuse rhonchi. The patient is conscious, but appears confused. His blood pressure is 98/54 mm Hg, his pulse rate is 120 beats/min and irregular, and his respirations are 24 breaths/min and labored. You should:
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Study Notes
Abdominal Organ Characteristics
- Solid abdominal organs include spleen, kidneys, and pancreas.
- Organs most likely to bleed profusely if injured: liver.
- Pancreas is located in the retroperitoneal space.
- Injury to hollow organs leads to leakage of contents into the abdominal cavity.
Liver and Spleen Functions
- Key function of the liver: production of substances necessary for blood clotting.
- Spleen assists in blood filtration, serves as a reservoir, and produces antibodies.
- Kidneys regulate blood pressure by removing sodium and water from the body.
Peritoneum
- Parietal peritoneum lines the walls of the abdominal cavity.
- Visceral peritoneum is supplied by autonomic nerves, making pain less localized.
Acute Abdomen and Complications
- Most common complication of acute abdomen is peritonitis.
- Patients with an acute abdomen report vague, poorly localized pain initially.
- Erosion of the stomach or duodenum leads to peptic ulcers.
Pain and Symptoms
- Referred pain may be felt in areas distant from the source, such as shoulder or back.
- Classic signs of appendicitis include pain radiating to the right lower quadrant, nausea, and vomiting.
- Costovertebral angle tenderness suggests kidney involvement.
Special Considerations in Patients
- Elderly patients may show less pronounced pain responses due to age-related sensory system changes.
- Patients with abdominal pain should be kept NPO (nothing by mouth) to prevent aspiration.
Assessment and Treatment
- Initial assessment priority includes checking for hazards at the scene.
- Patients typically prefer to lie on their side with knees drawn in due to pain.
- High-flow oxygen should be administered if signs of shock are present.
Emergency Responses
- Must transport patients with severe abdominal pain promptly, watching for signs of shock.
- For patients with significant condition deterioration, consider contacting ALS for assistance.
- Monitor vital signs, especially in dialysis patients who missed treatments, for indicators of shock.
Dialysis Insights
- Missed dialysis treatments may lead to weakness and severe respiratory symptoms.
- Purpose of dialysis: helps remove waste from the blood, not to retain salt and water.
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Description
Test your knowledge of solid abdominal organs and their injuries with this quiz from ADHS EMT Chapter 16. It covers critical concepts regarding anatomy and emergency response relevant to profuse bleeding organs. Ideal for those preparing for EMT certification.
