Adenovirus
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Questions and Answers

Which type of virus is Adenovirus?

  • Enveloped ssDNA virus
  • Non-enveloped ssRNA virus
  • Non-enveloped dsDNA virus (correct)
  • Enveloped ssRNA virus

    • Which of the following conditions is the common hallmark of adenovirus?

  • Tonsillitis and bronchitis
  • Conjunctivitis and tonsillitis (correct)
  • Conjunctivitis and pneumonia
  • Sinusitis and meningitis

    • Which of the following is NOT a clinical feature of Adenovirus infection?

  • Pharyngitis
  • Bronchitis
  • Meningitis (correct)
  • Conjunctivitis

    • What is the recommended treatment for Adenovirus infection?

    <p>Rest and cold medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Adenovirus primarily transmitted?

    <p>Airborne droplets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following preventive measures is recommended to reduce the risk of adenovirus transmission?

    <p>Avoidance of exposure and diligent hand hygiene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If adenovirus infection progresses to pneumonia, what treatment option may be considered?

    <p>Antivirals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route is NOT involved in the transmission of adenovirus?

    <p>Vector-borne transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a diagnostic method for detecting adenovirus infections?

    <p>Chest X-ray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary genetic material of coronaviruses?

    <p>Enveloped ssRNA virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the severe symptoms associated with SARS, MERS, and COVID-19?

    <p>Fever of 39 degrees Celsius or above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recommended prevention step for avoiding exposure to coronaviruses?

    <p>Using antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of diagnosing coronaviruses?

    <p>RT-PCR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for SARS, MERS, and COVID-19?

    <p>Self-isolation or quarantine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment approach for coronaviruses?

    <p>Rest and regular cold medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of SARS?

    <p>High fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus causes COVID-19?

    <p>SARS-CoV-2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is MERS primarily transmitted?

    <p>Close contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended infection control measure for COVID-19?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the primary route of transmission for rhinoviruses?

    <p>Respiratory route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of common colds are caused by rhinoviruses?

    <p>80%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incubation period for rhinovirus infections?

    <p>2-3 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the genetic material of rhinoviruses?

    <p>Non-enveloped ssRNA virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom commonly associated with rhinovirus infections?

    <p>High fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age group does respiratory syncytial virus infection tend to be severe?

    <p>Very young children (&lt;1 year old)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of transmission for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?

    <p>Respiratory route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is primarily responsible for which respiratory conditions in infants?

    <p>Bronchiolitis and pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment approach for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection?

    <p>Supportive care (e.g., supplemental oxygen, airway suctioning)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which specific preventive intervention is available for high-risk infants to prevent severe RSV illness?

    <p>Palivizumab (monthly IM injections)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When do respiratory syncytial virus infections typically peak in terms of seasonal occurrence?

    <p>Winter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following clinical features is commonly associated with Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection?

    <p>Persistent cough with a seal bark sound, worse at night</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the primary mode of transmission for influenza?

    <p>Inhalation of respiratory droplets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following age groups is most susceptible to severe clinical disease caused by influenza?

    <p>Elderly individuals and immunocompromised individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom commonly associated with influenza?

    <p>Vomiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why doesn't the influenza vaccine confer protection for longer than a year?

    <p>The influenza virus evolves and changes constantly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a preventive measure recommended for influenza?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the genetic material of orthomyxoviruses?

    <p>Enveloped ssRNA virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main treatment approach for influenza?

    <p>Antivirals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can influenza be prevented through vaccination?

    <p>By targeting specific strains of influenza virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following influenza viruses is capable of causing pandemics and epidemics?

    <p>Influenza A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following influenza viruses has the highest severity?

    <p>Influenza A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Influenza B primarily infects which host?

    <p>Humans only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which influenza virus has subtypes divided based on H & N proteins?

    <p>Influenza A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are antigenic changes observed in Influenza B categorized?

    <p>Drift only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of influenza virus is associated with sporadic spread?

    <p>Influenza C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of influenza virus can undergo antigenic shift and potentially lead to pandemics?

    <p>Influenza A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it necessary to create a new vaccine each year to prevent influenza illness?

    <p>Influenza virus has a high mutation rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism responsible for the need to create a new influenza vaccine each year?

    <p>Antigenic drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type(s) of influenza virus can undergo antigenic drift?

    <p>Both Influenza A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unique feature of the influenza genome allows for the occurrence of antigenic shift?

    <p>Segmented RNA genome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about antigenic drift in influenza A?

    <p>It is caused by minor changes from random point mutations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between antigenic drift and antigenic shift in influenza A?

    <p>Antigenic shift results in new H and N proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Approximately how often does antigenic shift occur in influenza A?

    <p>Every 10-20 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is associated with more localized outbreaks?

    <p>Antigenic drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

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