31 Questions
What are the two basic forms of adaptive immunity?
Active and passive immunity
Which characteristic defines the antigenicity of a molecule?
Epitope
Where do antibodies occur in the body?
Bone marrow
What is the role of MHC proteins in antigen presentation?
Displaying processed antigens to T cells
What is the process by which T cells develop tolerance to self-antigens?
Negative selection
Which types of immunity result in immune memory and lasting protection?
Active immunity
What are the two types of pathogens targeted by adaptive immunity?
Viral and bacterial pathogens
What is the primary difference between active and passive immunity?
Active immunity involves the body producing its own antibodies, while passive immunity involves receiving pre-made antibodies.
What is the significance of the epitope in the antigenicity of a molecule?
The epitope is the specific part of an antigen that elicits an immune response.
How do haptens become antigenic?
By binding to carrier molecules and forming a complex that is recognized as an antigen
What is the structural difference between the five antibody classes?
The type of heavy chain present
Which cell types serve as antigen-presenting cells (APCs)?
Macrophages and dendritic cells
How is immunocompetence attained?
By the maturation and differentiation of T and B cells
What is the role of interleukins in immunity?
Interleukins coordinate communication between leukocytes during an immune response.
"Where do T cells undergo the processes of positive and negative selection?"
In the thymus
What is the role of haptens in becoming antigenic?
Haptens bind to carrier molecules and then become antigenic
What defines the antigenicity of a molecule?
The chemical characteristics of antigens
Where do T cells undergo the processes of positive and negative selection?
Thymus
What is the structural difference between the five antibody classes?
Differences in the amino acid sequences of the constant region
How does passive immunity differ from active immunity?
Active immunity results from the transfer of antibodies from another individual or host
What is the necessity of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to immunity?
APCs present antigens to T cells to initiate an immune response
How do B cells attain self-tolerance?
By recognizing self-antigens during development
What is the process by which haptens become antigenic?
Haptens bind to carrier molecules and then become antigenic
What are the two basic forms of adaptive immunity?
Active and passive immunity
What is the role of the epitope in the antigenicity of a molecule?
It determines the specificity of antigen-antibody binding
Where do T cells undergo the processes of positive and negative selection?
Thymus
Which cell types serve as antigen-presenting cells (APCs)?
Dendritic cells
What defines the antigenicity of a molecule?
The presence of epitopes
How do B cells attain self-tolerance?
By undergoing negative selection in secondary lymphoid organs
What is the necessity of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to immunity?
To initiate the adaptive immune response by presenting antigens to T cells
What is the structural difference between the five antibody classes?
The number of antigen-binding sites they possess
Test your knowledge on adaptive immunity, including its defining characteristics, types, classifications, and antigens. Explore the differences between active and passive immunity, as well as natural and artificial immunity, and learn about the roles of epitopes and haptens in antigenicity.
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