18 Questions
What is the third line of defense in the immune system?
Adaptive immune response
Which part of the immune system produces antibodies to target specific antigens?
B cells
What is the function of antibodies produced by B cells in the immune system?
Coat antigens for destruction
Which type of immune response involves T cells targeting infected cells directly?
Cell-mediated immune response
How does the adaptive immune system provide long-term protection against pathogens?
By remembering encountered pathogens
What is the role of T cells in the cell-mediated immune response?
Target infected cells directly
What is the primary function of T helper cells in adaptive immunity?
Assist in the activation of other immune cells
Which immune cells produce antibodies to mark pathogens for destruction by other immune cells?
B cells
What is the main role of cytotoxic T cells in adaptive immunity?
Directly target and destroy infected cells
Which immune system component is considered the third line of defense against pathogens?
Adaptive immunity
Where are T cells and B cells primarily produced in the body?
Bone marrow
Which component of the immune system provides a more precise, antigen-specific response to eliminate known pathogens?
Adaptive immunity
What is the first step in the immune response process?
Recognition
Which immune system cells are key for mounting a more rapid and efficient response upon subsequent pathogen exposure?
Memory cells
Where do T cells mature and develop to become functional immune cells?
Thymus
Which organ serves as the site of production for both B cells and T cells in the immune system?
Bone marrow
What is the role of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in the immune response process?
Recognize pathogens
Which organ is responsible for filtering blood, producing B cells, and maintaining immune system balance?
Spleen
Study Notes
The third line of defense in the immune system refers to the adaptive or acquired immune response. This is the system's ability to identify and target specific pathogens that it has encountered before, providing immunity to future infections. The adaptive immune system consists of the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, which work together to provide long-term protection against pathogens.
Humoral Immune Response
The humoral immune response, also known as antibody-mediated immunity, is a part of the adaptive immune system that produces antibodies to target specific antigens, or foreign substances, such as bacteria or viruses. Antibodies are proteins produced by B cells, a type of white blood cell, in response to an antigen. These antibodies can coat the antigen, marking it for destruction by other immune cells, or neutralize the antigen's effects.
Cell-Mediated Immune Response
The cell-mediated immune response is another part of the adaptive immune system that involves T cells, another type of white blood cell. T cells recognize and target infected cells or foreign substances directly, rather than producing antibodies. They can also activate other immune cells and enzymes to help destroy the pathogen.
The adaptive immune system provides long-term protection against pathogens, as it "remembers" the pathogens it has encountered before. This allows it to respond more quickly and effectively to subsequent infections by the same pathogen. However, it takes longer to generate an adaptive immune response compared to the innate immune system's immediate response.
In summary, the third line of defense in the immune system is the adaptive immune response, which includes the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. This system provides long-term protection against pathogens by specifically targeting them and "remembering" them for future infections.
Explore the adaptive immune system, which is the third line of defense in the immune system. Learn about the humoral immune response involving antibodies and the cell-mediated immune response using T cells. Discover how this system provides long-term protection by specifically targeting pathogens.
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