31 Questions
What is the function of Gamma interferon produced by Th-1 cells?
Activates macrophages to become more effective killers of intracellular microbes
What is the function of CD4 lymphocytes?
To help B cells develop into antibody-producing plasma cells
What is the function of the antigen receptor on the surface of B cells?
To recognize and process antigens directly
What is the function of IL-2 produced by Th-1 cells?
To stimulate the growth of both CD4 and CD8 T cells
What is the primary function of the antigen-MHC class I complex in cell-mediated immunity?
Recognition by cytotoxic T lymphocytes
What is the function of CD8-positive T cells?
To recognize antigen epitopes complexed with MHC I
What is the function of opsonization?
To enhance phagocytosis of bacteria
Which type of immunity is primarily responsible for defense against extracellular pathogens and their toxins?
Antibody-mediated immunity
What is the function of Th-2 cells?
To help B cells develop into antibody-producing plasma cells
What is the role of helper T lymphocytes in antibody-mediated immunity?
Recognition of antigens and activation of B cells
What is the function of the antigen receptor on the surface of T cells?
To recognize antigen epitopes complexed with MHC I and MHC II
What is the result of the antigen-MHC class II complex being recognized by helper T lymphocytes?
Development of delayed hypersensitivity and activation of macrophages
What is the primary function of antibodies in antibody-mediated immunity?
Opsonization of pathogens and neutralization of toxins
What type of pathogens are cell-mediated immunity and antibody-mediated immunity primarily effective against?
Intracellular bacteria and viruses
What is the result of the activation of B cells in antibody-mediated immunity?
Clonal proliferation and differentiation into plasma cells
Which cells are responsible for bridging the innate and adaptive arms of the immune response?
Macrophages and dendritic cells
What is a characteristic of adaptive immunity?
It is specific and improves upon repeated exposure
What is the function of helper T cells in the adaptive immune response?
To activate the adaptive arm of the immune response
What is the primary difference between neutrophils and macrophages/dendritic cells?
Their ability to present antigen to helper T cells
What is a characteristic of cell-mediated immunity and antibody-mediated immunity?
They both exhibit remarkable diversity and specificity
What is the role of memory T cells and memory B cells in the adaptive immune response?
They are responsible for the long-term memory of the adaptive immune response
How long does it take for the adaptive arm of the immune system to become fully functional?
Several days
What is the third line of defense in the immune system?
The adaptive immune response
What is the primary function of Th-2 cells in humoral immunity?
Enhancing host defense against worms through IL-4 and IL-5
What is the effect of IL-4 on IgE?
Inducing class switching to IgE
What is the role of IL-5 in gut immunity?
Inducing class switching to IgA
What is the function of CD8 cells?
Mediating the cytotoxic response against virus-infected cells and tumor cells
What is the primary method of killing used by CD8 cells?
Through cytotoxic granules containing perforin and Granzymes
What is the role of regulatory T CD4 cells (TReg)?
Suppressing the effector functions of CD4 and CD8 T cells
What is the function of B cells during the induction process?
Recognizing antigens with their surface IgM and presenting antigen to helper T cells
What is the fate of some B cells after connecting with T helper cells?
They become memory B cells
Test your understanding of the adaptive immune response, including the role of macrophages and dendritic cells as a bridge between innate and adaptive arms of the immune system.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
