Acute Rheumatic Fever Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary causal factor for acute rheumatic fever?

  • Viral infections
  • Group A beta hemolytic streptococci (correct)
  • Autoimmune disorders
  • Environmental toxins
  • During which seasons is the incidence of acute rheumatic fever reported to be highest?

  • Fall, winter, and early spring (correct)
  • Late spring and summer
  • All year round
  • Summer and early fall
  • Which age group is most susceptible to developing acute rheumatic fever?

  • Infants under 1 year
  • Children aged 5-15 years (correct)
  • Adults aged 20-30 years
  • Elderly individuals over 65
  • What kind of disease is acute rheumatic fever classified as?

    <p>A systemic disease of childhood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a direct consequence of an infection with group A beta hemolytic streptococci?

    <p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the skin lipid cholesterol and antigenicity in the context of rheumatic fever?

    <p>It inhibits the antigenicity, preventing rheumatic fever. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a pathological lesion associated with rheumatic fever?

    <p>Nephritis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical structures are affected by fibrinoid degeneration in rheumatic carditis?

    <p>Connective tissue and heart valves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of cases of rheumatic fever typically manifests with carditis?

    <p>40-50% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following joints is least commonly involved in the flitting and fleeting migratory polyarthritis associated with rheumatic fever?

    <p>Shoulder (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What chronic changes can occur in heart valves as a result of rheumatic fever?

    <p>Fibrosis and calcification (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which specific cell formation is indicative of rheumatic fever's autoimmune response?

    <p>Ashcoff nodules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which phase of rheumatic fever does valvulitis occur?

    <p>Acute phase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment step focuses on preventing recurrent attacks of rheumatic fever?

    <p>Secondary prevention (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended initial dose of benzathine penicillin G for patients weighing more than 27 kg?

    <p>1,200,000 U (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option represents a common differential diagnosis for rheumatic fever?

    <p>Kawasaki disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of anti-inflammatory treatment in rheumatic fever management?

    <p>Reduction of inflammation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the case of carditis, what is the recommended dosage of prednisolone during the first two weeks?

    <p>2-2.5 mg/kg/day (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is indicated for patients allergic to penicillin during primary prevention of rheumatic fever?

    <p>Erythromycin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dosage of aspirin is appropriate for a patient with arthritis only during treatment?

    <p>75-100 mg/kg/day (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents an exception to the Jones criteria for diagnosing rheumatic fever?

    <p>Chorea on its own (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended dosage of Benzathine penicillin G for secondary prevention of rheumatic fever?

    <p>1,200,000 U every 4 weeks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment is prescribed for chorea in the supportive management of rheumatic fever?

    <p>Diazepam or Haloperidol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenarios is more frequent administration of Benzathine penicillin G recommended?

    <p>In high-risk situations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For individuals allergic to both penicillin and sulfadiazine, which medication is recommended?

    <p>Erythromycin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum duration of prophylaxis for a patient with rheumatic fever who has residual heart disease?

    <p>10 years or until age 40 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prognosis for younger children presenting with rheumatic fever and carditis with valvar lesions?

    <p>Bad prognosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is NOT a supportive treatment for congestive cardiac failure in rheumatic fever management?

    <p>Beta-blockers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the duration of secondary prophylaxis for an individual with rheumatic fever but without carditis?

    <p>5 years or until age 21, whichever is longer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical manifestation is associated with Sydenham Chorea?

    <p>Deterioration of handwriting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the anti-DNAse B test in relation to rheumatic fever?

    <p>It indicates prior infection with Group A streptococci. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a major manifestation in the modified Jones criteria for rheumatic fever?

    <p>Fever (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What abnormality would likely be seen in an ECG of a patient with rheumatic fever?

    <p>Prolonged PR interval (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the peak value for Erythema Marginatum as per the laboratory findings?

    <p>3 weeks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is accurate regarding the diagnosis of rheumatic fever?

    <p>It is primarily a clinical diagnosis using modified Jones Criteria. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which laboratory finding is commonly associated with rheumatic fever?

    <p>Leukocytosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common age range for the occurrence of Sydenham Chorea?

    <p>1-15 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cardiac feature can be detected through 2D echocardiography in rheumatic fever?

    <p>Valve edema (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common clinical sign indicative of Sydenham Chorea?

    <p>Pronator sign (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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