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Questions and Answers
What is the characteristic feature of Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure?
What is the characteristic feature of Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure?
What is an example of a condition that can cause Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure?
What is an example of a condition that can cause Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure?
What is the characteristic feature of Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure?
What is the characteristic feature of Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure?
What is an example of a condition that can cause Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure?
What is an example of a condition that can cause Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure?
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What is a common cause of both Hypoxemic and Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure?
What is a common cause of both Hypoxemic and Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure?
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Study Notes
Types of Acute Respiratory Failure
Acute respiratory failure can be categorized into two main types:
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure
- Characterized by inadequate oxygenation of the blood (PaO2 < 60 mmHg)
- Caused by:
- Ventilation-perfusion mismatch
- Right-to-left shunt
- Diffusion impairment
- Examples:
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
- Pneumonia
- Pulmonary embolism
Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure
- Characterized by elevated CO2 levels in the blood (PaCO2 > 50 mmHg)
- Caused by:
- Respiratory muscle weakness or fatigue
- Upper airway obstruction
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation
- Examples:
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- Neuromuscular disorders (e.g., Guillain-Barré syndrome)
- Sleep apnea
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Description
Learn about the two main types of acute respiratory failure: hypoxemic and hypercapnic. Understand their causes, characteristics, and examples. Test your knowledge of respiratory medicine!
