Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and Myelodysplastic Syndromes
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Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and Myelodysplastic Syndromes

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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic feature of myeloproliferative neoplasms?

  • The neoplastic clone continues to undergo terminal differentiation but exhibits increased or dysregulated growth. (correct)
  • The neoplastic clone is characterized by a decrease in formed elements in the peripheral blood.
  • The neoplastic clone fails to undergo terminal differentiation.
  • The neoplastic clone is characterized by a complete block in differentiation.
  • What is the diagnostic criterion for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)?

  • Neoplastic accumulation of immature myeloid cells (> 10%) in the bone marrow
  • Neoplastic accumulation of immature myeloid cells (> 20%) in the bone marrow (correct)
  • Neoplastic accumulation of immature lymphoid cells (> 20%) in the bone marrow
  • Neoplastic accumulation of immature myeloid cells (> 30%) in the bone marrow
  • What is characteristic of Auer rods in AML?

  • They are crystalline aggregates of myeloperoxidase (MPO) (correct)
  • They are present in the nucleus of myeloblasts
  • They are amorphous aggregations of myeloperoxidase (MPO)
  • They are membranous structures in the cytoplasm of myeloblasts
  • What is the characteristic translocation in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL)?

    <p>t(15;17)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL)?

    <p>Treatment with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA, a vitamin A derivative)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of Acute Monocytic Leukemia?

    <p>Proliferation of monoblasts; usually lack MPO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of the peripheral blood smear in CML?

    <p>Granulocytic forms at various stages of differentiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinguishing feature of CML compared to a leukemoid reaction?

    <p>Negative leukocyte alkaline phosphatase stain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common cytogenetic abnormality seen in CML?

    <p>t(9;22)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the underlying mechanism of marrow fibrosis in myelofibrosis?

    <p>Production of platelet-derived growth factor by megakaryocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of the peripheral blood smear in myelofibrosis?

    <p>Leukoerythroblastic smear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the associated mutation seen in half of the cases of myelofibrosis?

    <p>JAK2 kinase mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic age of onset for Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia associated with Down syndrome?

    <p>Before the age of 5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary complication of Myelodysplastic syndromes?

    <p>Infection or bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms?

    <p>Neoplastic proliferation of mature cells of myeloid lineage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the genetic abnormality driving Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)?

    <p>t(9;22) translocation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first line treatment for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)?

    <p>Imatinib</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common physical finding in patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)?

    <p>Splenomegaly</p> Signup and view all the answers

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