25 Questions
What is the most common cause of drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis (AIN)?
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)
What is a common clinical feature of acute interstitial nephritis (AIN)?
Renal impairment
What may be present in some patients with drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis (AIN)?
Signs of a generalised drug hypersensitivity reaction
What is a possible complication of acute interstitial nephritis (AIN)?
Systemic diseases and infections
What is a possible laboratory finding in some patients with drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis (AIN)?
Eosinophilia
What percentage of patients are likely to have eosinophils?
Up to 70%
What can be said about the presence of eosinophils in patients?
It is a non-specific finding
What is the significance of eosinophils in patients?
It is a non-specific indicator
In what percentage of patients are eosinophils absent?
At most 30%
What can be inferred about the presence of eosinophils in patients?
It is a non-specific finding
What is the potential source of nephrotoxicity associated with herbal medicines in Asia?
Herbal medicine ingredients
Which populations are affected by Balkan nephropathy?
Isolated rural communities in Eastern Europe
What is the possible route of exposure to nephrotoxic substances in Balkan nephropathy?
Consumption of contaminated food
What is the geographic distribution of Balkan nephropathy?
Isolated to rural communities in Eastern Europe
What is the likely cause of nephrotoxicity associated with herbal medicines in Asia?
Toxic compounds in herbal ingredients
What may underlie many cases of CIN?
Genetic causes
Which plant has been associated with CIN due to toxin presence?
Aristolochia clematitis (birthwort)
What is a potential risk factor for developing CIN?
Ingestion of Aristolochia clematitis toxins
What is a possible underlying cause of CIN, according to research?
Genetic mutations
What is a potential source of toxins linked to CIN?
Plant-based toxins
What is a characteristic feature of salt-losing nephropathy?
Hypotension
Which of the following is NOT a feature of sodium and water depletion?
Hypernatremia
What is the primary cause of polyuria in salt-losing nephropathy?
Sodium and water depletion
Which of the following laboratory findings is LEAST likely to be associated with salt-losing nephropathy?
Hyperkalemia
What is the underlying pathophysiologic mechanism of salt-losing nephropathy?
Renal tubular dysfunction
Quiz on the causes and symptoms of acute interstitial nephritis, including drug-induced causes, clinical features, and systemic diseases and infections that can complicate it.
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