Acute Interstitial Nephritis Causes and Symptoms

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What is the most common cause of drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis (AIN)?

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (correct)

Beta blockers

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

What is a common clinical feature of acute interstitial nephritis (AIN)?

Hematuria

Renal impairment (correct)

Proteinuria

Hypertension

What may be present in some patients with drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis (AIN)?

Signs of a generalised drug hypersensitivity reaction (correct)

Signs of a generalised bacterial infection

Signs of a generalised allergic reaction

Signs of a generalised viral infection

What is a possible complication of acute interstitial nephritis (AIN)?

Systemic diseases and infections Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible laboratory finding in some patients with drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis (AIN)?

Eosinophilia Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of patients are likely to have eosinophils?

Up to 70% Signup and view all the answers

What can be said about the presence of eosinophils in patients?

It is a non-specific finding Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of eosinophils in patients?

It is a non-specific indicator Signup and view all the answers

In what percentage of patients are eosinophils absent?

At most 30% Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the presence of eosinophils in patients?

It is a non-specific finding Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential source of nephrotoxicity associated with herbal medicines in Asia?

Herbal medicine ingredients Signup and view all the answers

Which populations are affected by Balkan nephropathy?

Isolated rural communities in Eastern Europe Signup and view all the answers

What is the possible route of exposure to nephrotoxic substances in Balkan nephropathy?

Consumption of contaminated food Signup and view all the answers

What is the geographic distribution of Balkan nephropathy?

Isolated to rural communities in Eastern Europe Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely cause of nephrotoxicity associated with herbal medicines in Asia?

Toxic compounds in herbal ingredients Signup and view all the answers

What may underlie many cases of CIN?

Genetic causes Signup and view all the answers

Which plant has been associated with CIN due to toxin presence?

Aristolochia clematitis (birthwort) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk factor for developing CIN?

Ingestion of Aristolochia clematitis toxins Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible underlying cause of CIN, according to research?

Genetic mutations Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential source of toxins linked to CIN?

Plant-based toxins Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of salt-losing nephropathy?

Hypotension Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a feature of sodium and water depletion?

Hypernatremia Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of polyuria in salt-losing nephropathy?

Sodium and water depletion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following laboratory findings is LEAST likely to be associated with salt-losing nephropathy?

Hyperkalemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying pathophysiologic mechanism of salt-losing nephropathy?

Renal tubular dysfunction Signup and view all the answers