17 Questions
Which type of inflammation is characterized by the presence of polymorphonuclear cells?
Acute
What are the five classic signs of acute inflammation?
Heat, redness, swelling, pain, and loss of function
What is the purpose of inflammation?
To localise and eliminate the causative agent
Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to increased vascular permeability?
Decreased intravascular osmotic pressure
What is the main difference between transudate and exudate?
Transudate forms when there is mainly an imbalance in pushing and pulling pressures, while exudate forms during inflammation
Which of the following is NOT a step in the cellular response during inflammation?
Chemotaxis
What is the function of neutrophils' tertiary granules?
Production of reactive oxygen species
Which of the following accurately describes the purpose of mitosis?
To generate new cells in the adult
Which of the following correctly describes the outcome of meiosis?
Diploid cells to haploid cells
Which of the following terms is NOT related to Mendelian genetics?
Mitosis
Which type of inheritance pattern is characterized by the interaction of several genes and is not Mendelian?
Polygenic
What is the term used to describe the identification of genetic disorders in families through the analysis of family trees?
Pedigree analysis
Which of the following is NOT a Mendelian inheritance pattern?
Polygenic
During meiosis, genetic diversity is generated through two processes. Which one of the following correctly describes one of these processes?
Recombination, which involves physical breakage and exchange of DNA sequences between chromatids
Which of the following accurately describes the process of meiosis?
Meiosis reduces diploid cells to haploid cells
What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis involves one round of DNA synthesis, while meiosis involves two rounds of DNA synthesis
Which of the following accurately describes the process of fertilization?
Fertilization involves the combination of haploid sperm and egg cells to form a diploid zygote
Study Notes
Inflammation
- Acute inflammation is characterized by the presence of polymorphonuclear cells.
- The five classic signs of acute inflammation are:
- Redness
- Swelling
- Heat
- Pain
- Loss of function
Purpose of Inflammation
- The purpose of inflammation is to protect the body from injury or infection.
Vascular Permeability
- Increased vascular permeability is influenced by factors such as histamine, bradykinin, and leukotrienes, but NOT by albumin.
Transudate and Exudate
- The main difference between transudate and exudate is that transudate is a clear fluid with low protein content, while exudate is a cloudy fluid with high protein content.
Cellular Response
- The steps in the cellular response during inflammation do NOT include fibroblast activation.
Neutrophils
- The function of neutrophils' tertiary granules is to degrade extracellular matrix components.
Cell Division
- Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
- Meiosis is the process of cell division that results in four non-identical daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Genetics
- Polygenic inheritance is characterized by the interaction of several genes and is not a Mendelian inheritance pattern.
- The term used to describe the identification of genetic disorders in families through the analysis of family trees is pedigree analysis.
- The inheritance pattern that is NOT Mendelian is polygenic inheritance.
Meiosis
- During meiosis, genetic diversity is generated through two processes: crossing over and independent assortment.
- Crossing over involves the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes.
- Meiosis is the process of cell division that results in four non-identical daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Fertilization
- The process of fertilization involves the fusion of a sperm cell with an egg cell, resulting in the formation of a zygote.
Test your knowledge on acute inflammation with this quiz! Learn about the causes, clinical features, and outcome of inflammation, as well as the pathophysiology mediators and cascades involved. Brush up on your understanding of this important topic with Professor Paul Murray's Year 2 Pathology class at RCSI.
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