Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
What is the term for the liquid doing the dissolving in a solution?
Which term refers to the difference in concentration between two areas of a solution?
What is the term for the dissolved material in a solution?
What does selective permeability allow living cells to maintain across the plasma membrane?
Signup and view all the answers
During neurotransmission, how does a nerve cell communicate with another cell?
Signup and view all the answers
Which process is used to move a substance into, across, and out of a cell through vesicles?
Signup and view all the answers
In which cells does transcytosis occur most often?
Signup and view all the answers
What happens to vesicles during transcytosis?
Signup and view all the answers
How do some antibodies cross the placenta into the fetal circulation?
Signup and view all the answers
Which textbook can be referred to for more information on this topic?
Signup and view all the answers
Which process is used to release insulin from storage vesicles in β-cells of the pancreas?
Signup and view all the answers
Which process involves the movement of molecules across the plasma membrane without requiring energy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the measure of total solute concentration in a solution?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of passive transport involves the use of carriers to move solutes down their concentration gradient?
Signup and view all the answers
What creates an electrical gradient across the plasma membrane?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the combined influence of concentration and electrical gradients called?
Signup and view all the answers
Which process uses direct ATP consumption through the Na+/K+-ATPase transporter?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of molecules are too polar or highly charged to move through the lipid bilayer?
Signup and view all the answers
What kind of mechanism is receptor-mediated endocytosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What does osmosis specifically refer to?
Signup and view all the answers
Which process involves the cell's uptake of extracellular materials?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the most common form of endocytosis?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of transport uses integral transmembrane proteins?
Signup and view all the answers
Which process involves moving molecules out of the cell through the release of vesicle contents into the extracellular space?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the difference in the concentration of a chemical between two regions called?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a vital defense mechanism for engulfing large, solid particles?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of transport facilitates the passive diffusion of specific ions?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of process employs an electrochemical gradient across a plasma membrane as its energy source?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of transport requires energy for molecule movement across the plasma membrane?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the process of exocytosis require for energy?
Signup and view all the answers
Which process serves several functions, such as replacing the plasma membrane lost during endocytosis and adding new membrane components?
Signup and view all the answers
The release of neurotransmitters and hormones are examples of which process?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
- Active transport is a process used by cells to move molecules against their concentration gradient, utilizing energy in the form of ATP
- Primary active transport uses direct ATP consumption through the Na+/K+-ATPase transporter and other major primary active-transport proteins like Ca2+-ATPase, H+-ATPase, and H+/K+ -ATPase
- Secondary active transport employs an electrochemical gradient across a plasma membrane as its energy source, featuring co-transporters and counter-transporters that move molecules in the same or opposite directions, respectively
- Endocytosis is a type of active transport that involves the cell's uptake of extracellular materials, including macromolecules and large particles
- Three major types of endocytosis: receptor-mediated endocytosis, pinocytosis, and phagocytosis
- Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a selective process of vesicle formation following the recognition and binding of specific particles to a receptor protein in the plasma membrane
- Pinocytosis is the most common form of endocytosis, where the plasma membrane invaginates, forming a vesicle to absorb materials from the extracellular environment
- Phagocytosis is a vital defense mechanism for engulfing large, solid particles, carried out by specialized cells called phagocytes.
- Exocytosis is the process of moving molecules out of the cell through the release of vesicle contents into the extracellular space
- Exocytosis serves several functions, such as replacing the plasma membrane lost during endocytosis, adding new membrane components, and secreting membrane-impermeable molecules (like protein hormones) into the extracellular fluid
- Exocytosis involves the vesicle-plasma membrane fusion, releasing the contents to the exterior. The process requires energy in the form of ATP and Ca2+ ions.
- Examples of exocytosis include the release of neurotransmitters, hormones, and the fusion of Golgi body vesicles with the plasma membrane.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Learn about the effects of solutions with varying tonicities on living red blood cells and the concept of active transport. Explore the use of energy to move molecules against concentration gradients, and the different energy sources involved in primary and secondary active transport.
