Questions and Answers
Name the ECG rhythms for a patient in cardiac arrest.
Vfib, pulseless ventricular Tachycardia (VT), Asystole, pulseless electrical activity (PEA).
What are the only 2 shockable rhythms?
VFib and Vtach.
What are the steps of the BLS initial survey?
Check responsiveness (ABC), activate emergency response and get AED/Defibrillator, check for breathing/pulse (NO MORE THAN 10 SECONDS), start CPR if no pulse, provide rescue breathing if pulse is present, and defibrillation.
What should be done if the patient presents without a pulse?
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What is the rate of chest compressions?
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What is the rate of rescue breaths?
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What is the maximum time taken to check for a pulse?
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What should be the quality of the chest compressions?
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Where is the appropriate hand placement for compressions?
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What is the CPR compression to breath ratio?
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What is the appropriate depth of quality chest compressions?
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If the patient presents with a pulse, what is the appropriate course of action?
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What are 2 reasons to interrupt active CPR?
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What is the maximum pause time allowed during active CPR?
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What should immediately follow a shock from AED/Defibrillator?
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What is the effect of excessive ventilation and their associated symptoms?
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The primary ACLS survey includes __________.
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What are the steps for airway assessment?
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How do you monitor airway placement?
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Breathing assessment steps include?
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What are the steps for assessing circulation?
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What should be evaluated after circulation assessment?
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Essential quality checks for CPR quality include?
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What does disability assessment involve?
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What does exposure assessment entail?
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What does the secondary assessment survey SAMPLE stand for?
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Study Notes
Cardiac Arrest ECG Rhythms
- Common rhythms in cardiac arrest: Ventricular Fibrillation (Vfib), pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia (VT), Asystole, pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA).
- Primary shockable rhythms: Vfib and Vtach.
BLS Initial Survey Steps
- Assess responsiveness using the ABC method: Airway, Breathing, Circulation.
- Activate emergency response and obtain an AED/Defibrillator.
- Check for breathing and pulse within 10 seconds; initiate CPR if no pulse is detected or provide rescue breathing if pulse is present.
CPR and Chest Compressions
- Perform chest compressions at a rate of 100-120 per minute.
- Quality of chest compressions: must be hard and fast, aiming for a depth of 2 inches.
- Maximum time allowed to check for a pulse is 10 seconds.
- Compression to breath ratio for CPR is 30:2.
- Appropriate hand placement for compressions is on the lower half of the sternum.
- Follow AED shock immediately with high quality CPR.
Airway and Breathing Assessment
- Airway assessment involves checking if it is patent, if advanced airway is needed, proper placement, and securing of the airway.
- Monitor airway placement using continuous quantitative waveform capnography.
- Breathing assessment: ensure adequate ventilation and oxygenation; administer 100% oxygen for cardiac arrest patients.
Circulation Assessment
- Assess CPR quality and rhythm; attach AED/Defibrillator.
- Establish IV/IO access and check glucose levels and vital signs; maintain minimum BP of 90 mmHg.
- Evaluate whether Return of Spontaneous Circulation (ROSC) occurred and determine if the patient is stable or requires medications or volume.
Disability and Exposure Assessment
- Disability assessment includes checking neuro function, responding to stimuli (AVPU scale).
- Exposure assessment requires removing clothing to check for trauma, bleeding, burns, and medical alerts.
Secondary Assessment Survey
- Utilize the SAMPLE method: Signs/Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past medical history, Last oral intake, and Events leading to the present illness/injury.
CPR Quality Checks
- Minimize interruptions in CPR and limit pulse checks to less than 10 seconds; provide constructive feedback for ineffective compressions.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential rhythms and procedures in advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) for patients in cardiac arrest. It includes questions on ECG rhythms, shockable rhythms, and the BLS initial survey steps. Test your knowledge on ACLS guidelines from the 2019 standards.