Acids, Bases, Moles, and pH Quiz

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Which of the following best describes the relationship between adding an acid to a solution and the concentration of protons?

Adding an acid decreases the concentration of protons.

Adding an acid has no effect on the concentration of protons.

Adding an acid increases the concentration of protons. (correct)

Adding an acid stabilizes the concentration of protons.

What effect does adding a base to a solution have on the concentration of protons?

Stabilizes the concentration of protons.

Has no effect on the concentration of protons.

Increases the concentration of protons.

Lowers the concentration of protons. (correct)

What is the significance of a proton concentration larger than 1 x 10^-7 M in a solution?

It indicates an acidic solution with a pH < 7. (correct)

It implies a neutral solution with a pH = 7.

It indicates a basic solution with a pH > 7.

It suggests the presence of hydrogen bonds.

Why do solutions containing bases have a proton concentration less than 1 x 10^-7 M?

Because they accept protons from solution. Signup and view all the answers

What role do buffers play in maintaining relatively constant conditions in organisms?

Buffers minimize changes in pH by resisting changes in proton concentration. Signup and view all the answers

How can energy be defined based on the text provided?

As either stored potential or active motion. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hydroxyl groups in molecules?

Forming hydrogen bonds and making molecules soluble in water Signup and view all the answers

How do phosphate groups affect the structure of the recipient molecule when transferred?

They dramatically change the charge of the recipient molecule Signup and view all the answers

Why are sulfhydryl groups important in molecules?

They can link to each other via disulfide bonds Signup and view all the answers

In amino acids, what is the significance of charged R-groups?

They help amino acids stay in solution and affect their reactivity Signup and view all the answers

Which type of R-group is classified as acidic?

Charged Signup and view all the answers

What is the common core structure shared by all 20 different amino acids?

$H$ - a hydrogen atom; $NH_2$ - an amino functional group; $COOH$ - a carboxyl functional group; a distinctive R-group Signup and view all the answers

Why do polar molecules dissolve readily in water?

Because they form hydrogen bonds with water molecules Signup and view all the answers

What property of water is responsible for the formation of a meniscus at the surface of a solid?

Adhesion Signup and view all the answers

Why does water have a high specific heat compared to other substances?

Because it requires energy to break hydrogen bonds before temperature rise Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to substances that give up protons during chemical reactions?

Acids Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why it takes a large amount of energy to change liquid water to gas?

High specific heat of water Signup and view all the answers

What type of molecules or ions acquire protons during chemical reactions and lower hydronium ion concentration?

Bases Signup and view all the answers

Acids, Bases, Moles, and pH Quiz

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