18 Questions
Which of the following best describes the relationship between adding an acid to a solution and the concentration of protons?
Adding an acid increases the concentration of protons.
What effect does adding a base to a solution have on the concentration of protons?
Lowers the concentration of protons.
What is the significance of a proton concentration larger than 1 x 10^-7 M in a solution?
It indicates an acidic solution with a pH < 7.
Why do solutions containing bases have a proton concentration less than 1 x 10^-7 M?
Because they accept protons from solution.
What role do buffers play in maintaining relatively constant conditions in organisms?
Buffers minimize changes in pH by resisting changes in proton concentration.
How can energy be defined based on the text provided?
As either stored potential or active motion.
What is the role of hydroxyl groups in molecules?
Forming hydrogen bonds and making molecules soluble in water
How do phosphate groups affect the structure of the recipient molecule when transferred?
They dramatically change the charge of the recipient molecule
Why are sulfhydryl groups important in molecules?
They can link to each other via disulfide bonds
In amino acids, what is the significance of charged R-groups?
They help amino acids stay in solution and affect their reactivity
Which type of R-group is classified as acidic?
Charged
What is the common core structure shared by all 20 different amino acids?
$H$ - a hydrogen atom; $NH_2$ - an amino functional group; $COOH$ - a carboxyl functional group; a distinctive R-group
Why do polar molecules dissolve readily in water?
Because they form hydrogen bonds with water molecules
What property of water is responsible for the formation of a meniscus at the surface of a solid?
Adhesion
Why does water have a high specific heat compared to other substances?
Because it requires energy to break hydrogen bonds before temperature rise
Which term refers to substances that give up protons during chemical reactions?
Acids
What is the main reason why it takes a large amount of energy to change liquid water to gas?
High specific heat of water
What type of molecules or ions acquire protons during chemical reactions and lower hydronium ion concentration?
Bases
Test your knowledge on acids, bases, moles, Molarity, and pH in this quiz. Questions cover topics such as the concept of moles, molecular weight calculation, molarity calculation, and pH scale understanding.
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