Acids, Bases, and Solutions Quiz

18 Questions

Which of the following correctly defines pH?

pH is defined as the negative logarithm of the concentration of protons in a solution.

In terms of pH, what is the proton concentration in a solution with a pH of 4?

1.0 x 10^-4 M

How does adding an acid to a solution affect its proton concentration?

Increases the proton concentration

What is molarity a measure of?

The moles of solute per liter of solution

When a solution has a pH greater than 7, what can be inferred about its proton concentration?

Proton concentration is less than 1.0 x 10^-7 M

Which type of energy is associated with stored energy?

Potential energy

What property of water is responsible for the high specific heat of the molecule?

Formation of hydrogen bonds between water molecules

Which process requires a large amount of energy due to the need to break hydrogen bonds in water?

Boiling water

Why does water have a higher heat of vaporization compared to most liquids at room temperature?

Strong hydrogen bonding between water molecules

How does the high specific heat of water affect living organisms?

Stabilizes internal temperatures in organisms

Which type of substances are classified as bases based on their behavior in water?

Substances that acquire protons

What would be the effect on pH when a base is added to water?

Increase in pH

Which element mentioned in the text has the highest electronegativity?

Oxygen

Which type of bond involves the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another?

Ionic bond

What type of ion is formed when an atom gains an electron?

Anion

Which molecule has a tetrahedral structure?

Methane (CH4)

What is the net charge of a chloride ion?

-1

Which element mentioned in the text is critical for life mainly due to its role as an excellent solvent?