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Questions and Answers
Which of the following substances can turn blue litmus paper red?
What color will turmeric stain turn when it comes into contact with a basic solution?
Which of the following indicators can be used to test both acidic and basic solutions?
Study Notes
Acids, Bases, and Salts
- Acids are sour in taste and change the color of blue litmus to red.
- Bases are bitter and change the color of red litmus to blue.
- Litmus is a natural indicator, which can be used to test for acids and bases.
Indicators
- Litmus solution is a purple dye extracted from lichen, a plant belonging to the division Thallophyta.
- Litmus solution turns:
- Red in acidic solutions
- Blue in basic solutions
- Purple in neutral solutions (neither acidic nor basic)
- Other natural indicators include:
- Red cabbage leaves
- Turmeric
- Colored petals of some flowers (e.g., Hydrangea, Petunia, and Geranium)
Identifying Acids and Bases Using Litmus Paper
- To identify the contents of three test tubes containing distilled water, an acidic solution, and a basic solution, using only red litmus paper:
- Observe the color change of the red litmus paper in each test tube.
- If the paper turns blue, the solution is basic.
- If the paper remains red, the solution is acidic or neutral (distilled water).
Chemical Properties of Acids and Bases
Laboratory Acids
- Three common acids found in the laboratory are:
- Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
- Sulphuric acid (Hâ‚‚SOâ‚„)
- Nitric acid (HNO₃)
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Description
Choose a remedy for acidity and identify the property used to make that choice. Learn about acids and bases in this chapter.