Podcast
Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson
Download our mobile app to listen on the go
Get App
Questions and Answers
A substance that accepts two protons (H+ ions) in a solution is a base.
A substance that accepts two protons (H+ ions) in a solution is a base.
False (B)
Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is a weak acid.
Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is a weak acid.
False (B)
A pH of 9 indicates a highly acidic solution.
A pH of 9 indicates a highly acidic solution.
False (B)
Citric acid (C6H8O7) is a strong acid.
Citric acid (C6H8O7) is a strong acid.
Signup and view all the answers
A neutralization reaction produces a salt and oxygen gas.
A neutralization reaction produces a salt and oxygen gas.
Signup and view all the answers
Ammonia (NH3) is a strong base.
Ammonia (NH3) is a strong base.
Signup and view all the answers
A buffer solution is a solution that changes pH drastically when an acid or base is added.
A buffer solution is a solution that changes pH drastically when an acid or base is added.
Signup and view all the answers
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) turns litmus paper blue.
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) turns litmus paper blue.
Signup and view all the answers
A pH of 5 indicates a highly basic solution.
A pH of 5 indicates a highly basic solution.
Signup and view all the answers
Flashcards are hidden until you start studying
Study Notes
Acids and Bases
Definitions
- Acid: a substance that donates a proton (H+ ion) in a solution
- Base: a substance that accepts a proton (H+ ion) in a solution
Properties of Acids and Bases
- Acid properties:
- Taste sour
- Conduct electricity
- Turn litmus paper red
- React with metals to produce hydrogen gas
- Base properties:
- Taste bitter
- Feel slippery
- Turn litmus paper blue
- React with oils to produce soap
pH Scale
- pH: a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution
- pH range: 0-14, with 7 being neutral (neither acidic nor basic)
- Acidic: pH < 7
- Basic: pH > 7
Strong and Weak Acids and Bases
- Strong acid: completely dissociates in water, releasing all H+ ions
- Examples: hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
- Weak acid: partially dissociates in water, releasing some H+ ions
- Examples: citric acid (C6H8O7), acetic acid (CH3COOH)
- Strong base: completely dissociates in water, releasing all OH- ions
- Examples: sodium hydroxide (NaOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
- Weak base: partially dissociates in water, releasing some OH- ions
- Examples: ammonia (NH3), trimethylamine (N(CH3)3)
Acid-Base Reactions
- Neutralization reaction: a reaction between an acid and a base that produces a salt and water
- Example: HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
- Buffer solution: a solution that resists changes in pH when an acid or base is added
- Example: a mixture of acetic acid and sodium acetate
Acids and Bases
Definitions
- Acid: a substance that donates a proton (H+ ion) in a solution
- Base: a substance that accepts a proton (H+ ion) in a solution
Properties
Acid Properties
- Taste sour
- Conduct electricity
- Turn litmus paper red
- React with metals to produce hydrogen gas
Base Properties
- Taste bitter
- Feel slippery
- Turn litmus paper blue
- React with oils to produce soap
pH Scale
- pH: a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution
- pH range: 0-14, with 7 being neutral (neither acidic nor basic)
- Acidic: pH < 7
- Basic: pH > 7
Strong and Weak Acids and Bases
Strong Acids
- Completely dissociate in water, releasing all H+ ions
- Examples: hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
Weak Acids
- Partially dissociate in water, releasing some H+ ions
- Examples: citric acid (C6H8O7), acetic acid (CH3COOH)
Strong Bases
- Completely dissociate in water, releasing all OH- ions
- Examples: sodium hydroxide (NaOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
Weak Bases
- Partially dissociate in water, releasing some OH- ions
- Examples: ammonia (NH3), trimethylamine (N(CH3)3)
Acid-Base Reactions
- Neutralization reaction: a reaction between an acid and a base that produces a salt and water
- Example: HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
- Buffer solution: a solution that resists changes in pH when an acid or base is added
- Example: a mixture of acetic acid and sodium acetate
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
