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Questions and Answers
What is an acid?
What is an acid?
An acid is a chemical substance that has a sour taste.
Define a base.
Define a base.
A base is a chemical substance that has a bitter taste and a soapy texture.
What are natural indicators?
What are natural indicators?
Natural indicators are substances that can determine if another substance is acidic or basic in nature.
What is a neutral substance?
What is a neutral substance?
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Where does litmus, a natural indicator, come from?
Where does litmus, a natural indicator, come from?
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What is the general method of using turmeric as an indicator?
What is the general method of using turmeric as an indicator?
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How is China Rose used as an indicator?
How is China Rose used as an indicator?
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What color change does Hydrochloric acid cause on litmus paper?
What color change does Hydrochloric acid cause on litmus paper?
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What is the effect of Sodium hydroxide on red litmus paper?
What is the effect of Sodium hydroxide on red litmus paper?
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What pollutants contribute to the formation of Acid Rain?
What pollutants contribute to the formation of Acid Rain?
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Study Notes
Acids
- An acid is a chemical substance with a sour taste, found in food items like lemons, curd, vinegar, and orange.
- Natural acids occur in nature, such as those found in fruits.
Bases
- A base is a chemical substance with a bitter taste and a soapy texture, found in substances like bleach, ammonia, washing powder, and soap.
- Bases are also called alkaline, and basic substances contain a base.
Neutral Substances
- A neutral substance is neither acidic nor basic in nature.
Indicators
- Indicators are substances used to determine if another substance is acidic or basic in nature.
- Indicators change color to indicate the presence of an acid or base.
- Natural indicators occur in nature, including turmeric, china rose petals, and litmus.
Litmus
- Litmus is a natural indicator obtained from lichens, available in solution form and paper strips (red and blue litmus paper).
- Litmus paper turns red in acidic solutions and blue in basic solutions.
Turmeric as an Indicator
- Turmeric is mixed with water to form a paste, then dried to form thin strips of turmeric paper.
- Turmeric paper turns yellow or brown in acidic solutions and remains yellow in basic solutions.
China Rose as an Indicator
- China rose petals are kept in warm water to obtain a colored solution used as an indicator.
- The colored solution turns acidic solutions to dark pink and remains green in basic solutions.
Effects of Acids and Bases on Indicators
- Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid turn blue litmus paper red, with no change in turmeric paper, and turn china rose solution dark pink.
- Acetic acid turns blue litmus paper red, with no change in turmeric paper, and turns china rose solution dark pink.
- Sodium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide turn red litmus paper blue, turn turmeric paper red, and turn china rose solution green or red.
Acid Rain
- Acid rain is formed when air pollutants like nitrogen dioxide, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide mix with rainwater, forming acids like nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and carbonic acid.
- Acid rain severely affects vegetation, animal life, and buildings in the region where it falls.
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Description
Test your knowledge on acids and bases with this quiz! Learn about the characteristics of acids, such as their sour taste, and bases, such as their bitter taste and soapy texture. Explore natural acids found in fruits and common bases like bleach and ammonia.
