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Questions and Answers
What happens when acids dissociate in water?
What happens when acids dissociate in water?
- They add H+ ions to the solution (correct)
- They remove H+ ions from the solution
- They add OH- ions to the solution
- They form water molecules
Which characteristic is typically associated with bases?
Which characteristic is typically associated with bases?
- Releasing hydrogen ions (H+)
- Sour tasting
- Corrosive
- Bitter tasting (correct)
What does the pH scale measure?
What does the pH scale measure?
- Concentration of OH- ions in solutions
- Concentration of water molecules in solutions
- Concentration of salts in solutions
- Concentration of H+ ions in solutions (correct)
Which substance is classified as an acid?
Which substance is classified as an acid?
What is the significance of the pH scale being logarithmic?
What is the significance of the pH scale being logarithmic?
What causes an increase in pH in a solution?
What causes an increase in pH in a solution?
What do pH indicators do?
What do pH indicators do?
Which chemical releases H+ ions into the solution?
Which chemical releases H+ ions into the solution?
What is the classification of hydrogen chloride (HCl) in terms of acidity or basicity?
What is the classification of hydrogen chloride (HCl) in terms of acidity or basicity?
In the context of the pH scale, what does the presence of ammonia (NH3) in a solution indicate?
In the context of the pH scale, what does the presence of ammonia (NH3) in a solution indicate?
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Study Notes
Acid-Base Chemistry
- When acids dissociate in water, they release H+ ions into the solution.
pH Scale
- The pH scale measures the concentration of H+ ions in a solution, with a pH of 7 being neutral, below 7 being acidic, and above 7 being basic.
- The pH scale being logarithmic means that each step down the scale represents a tenfold increase in H+ ion concentration.
Acids and Bases
- Acids are substances that release H+ ions into a solution, such as hydrogen chloride (HCl).
- Bases are typically associated with the characteristic of releasing OH- ions into a solution.
pH Indicators
- pH indicators are substances that change color in response to changes in pH, indicating whether a solution is acidic or basic.
Effects on pH
- An increase in pH in a solution is caused by a decrease in H+ ion concentration or an increase in OH- ion concentration.
- The presence of ammonia (NH3) in a solution indicates a basic pH.
Acid Classification
- Hydrogen chloride (HCl) is classified as a strong acid due to its complete dissociation in water, releasing H+ ions into the solution.
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