Acids and Bases Quiz
90 Questions
3 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following is true about acids and bases?

  • Acids and bases are inorganic compounds.
  • Acids and bases are considered electrolytes. (correct)
  • Acids and bases are only found in living systems.
  • Acids and bases have a pH of 7.

    • What is the pH of a substance that is considered neutral?

  • 0
  • 7 (correct)
  • 14
  • None of the above

    • Which of the following is NOT a major organic compound?

  • Proteins
  • Nucleic acids (correct)
  • Lipids
  • Carbohydrates

    • What is the main function of triglycerides?

    <p>Energy storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an unsaturated fatty acid?

    <p>Olive oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of phospholipids in the body?

    <p>Cell membrane structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the largest molecule in the body?

    <p>Nucleic acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a covalent compound?

    <p>O2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of a solution?

    <p>Particles are evenly distributed throughout</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the solvent in blood?

    <p>Water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main property of water that allows it to prevent sudden changes in temperature?

    <p>High heat capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of compounds do not contain carbon?

    <p>Inorganic compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are salts?

    <p>Ionic compounds that dissociate into separate ions in water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do ions play in body functions?

    <p>Specialized roles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule holds the genetic blueprint for the synthesis of all proteins?

    <p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is DNA located in the cell?

    <p>Cell nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of RNA?

    <p>Links DNA to protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is ATP?

    <p>A chemical energy molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ATP in cells?

    <p>Provides immediate energy for cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure of DNA?

    <p>Double-stranded helical molecule (double helix)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between DNA and RNA?

    <p>Structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of DNA?

    <p>Replicates itself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of RNA in protein synthesis?

    <p>Links DNA to protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a state of matter?

    <p>Plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of matter?

    <p>Anything that has mass and occupies space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which four elements make up 96% of the human body?

    <p>Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between organic and inorganic chemistry?

    <p>Organic chemistry deals with living organisms, while inorganic chemistry deals with non-living matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is understanding chemistry and biochemistry important in the nursing process?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the basic principles of chemistry as they apply to body processes?

    <p>Matter and energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the key terms related to basic chemistry?

    <p>Atoms and elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a major organic compound?

    <p>Nucleic Acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of triglycerides?

    <p>Energy storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main property of water that allows it to prevent sudden changes in temperature?

    <p>Heat Capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main building block of the body?

    <p>Proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of DNA?

    <p>Genetic blueprint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an unsaturated fatty acid?

    <p>Olive oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH of a substance that is considered neutral?

    <p>7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an organic compound?

    <p>Water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of a solid?

    <p>Definite shape and volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical methods called?

    <p>Elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements make up 96% of the human body?

    <p>Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of DNA?

    <p>Holds the genetic blueprint for the synthesis of all proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main property of water that allows it to prevent sudden changes in temperature?

    <p>High specific heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is understanding chemistry and biochemistry important in the nursing process?

    <p>Helps determine the most effective solutions to use to treat dehydration and fluid loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule holds the genetic blueprint for the synthesis of all proteins?

    <p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is DNA located in the cell?

    <p>Nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of RNA?

    <p>Protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of ATP?

    <p>Energy storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between DNA and RNA?

    <p>Number of strands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a covalent compound?

    <p>Water (H2O)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the solvent in blood?

    <p>Plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ATP in cells?

    <p>Energy storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are salts?

    <p>Ionic compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a homogeneous mixture?

    <p>Mineral water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of water in living cells?

    <p>To dissolve and dissociate ionic substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a solution and a suspension?

    <p>Solutions have solute particles that do not settle out or scatter light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about salts?

    <p>They are vital for maintaining ionic balance in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of inorganic compounds in living matter?

    <p>To maintain proper balance of electrolytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a property of water?

    <p>Reactivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between organic and inorganic compounds?

    <p>Organic compounds are made up of elements other than carbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?

    <p>Determines blood group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the glycocalyx?

    <p>Allows immune system to recognize 'self'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of membrane protein is firmly inserted on the lipid bilayer and has both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions?

    <p>Integral proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell junction forms an impermeable junction that encircles the cell, preventing molecules from passing through the space between cells?

    <p>Tight junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transport requires ATP and occurs only in living cell membranes?

    <p>Active transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of passive transport involves the movement of particles from a region of high to low concentration down or with the concentration gradient?

    <p>Simple diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the main structures of a human cell?

    <p>Extracellular Matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the cell theory?

    <p>Cells can only arise from pre-existing cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane?

    <p>Transport substances across the cell membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoplasm?

    <p>Store genetic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of the nucleus?

    <p>Store genetic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about extracellular materials?

    <p>They contribute to body mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the cell cycle occurs before mitosis begins?

    <p>Interphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?

    <p>Metaphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of mitosis is characterized by the separation of sister chromatids?

    <p>Anaphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final phase of mitosis, where two new nuclei form?

    <p>Telophase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of mitosis is characterized by the condensation of chromatin into visible chromosomes?

    <p>Prophase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the cell cycle is the longest?

    <p>Interphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a non polar lipid-soluble substance that can diffuse directly through the phospholipid bilayer?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of facilitated diffusion requires a special carrier molecule to move certain hydrophobic molecules down a concentration gradient?

    <p>Carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion?

    <p>It involves a shape change in carrier proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of facilitated diffusion involves the selective transport of ions or water through transmembrane proteins?

    <p>Channel-mediated facilitated diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which water moves through a selectively permeable membrane?

    <p>Osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about tonicity?

    <p>Tonicity refers to the ability of a solution to alter cell's water volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is responsible for producing most of the cell's energy through cellular respiration?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of ribosomes in the cell?

    <p>Synthesize proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the cytoskeleton in the cell?

    <p>Maintain cell shape and aid in movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is responsible for packaging and processing products from the endoplasmic reticulum?

    <p>Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of lysosomes in the cell?

    <p>Break down materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the largest organelle in the cell that contains DNA and serves as the control center for cell metabolic activity?

    <p>Nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cell Structures and Processes Summary

    • Active transport is a process by which substances are moved against a concentration gradient, requiring ATP and carrier proteins.
    • Vesicular transport is a form of active transport that uses membranous sacs called vesicles to transport large particles and fluids across the cell membrane.
    • The cytoplasm is the gel-like fluid found between the plasma membrane and nucleus, containing cytosol, inclusions, and organelles.
    • Mitochondria are elongated, fluid-filled sacs in the cytoplasm that produce most of the cell's energy through cellular respiration.
    • Ribosomes are small granules of RNA and protein that synthesize proteins, either free in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
    • The endoplasmic reticulum is a complex series of membranous channels involved in protein synthesis (rough ER) and lipid synthesis (smooth ER).
    • The Golgi apparatus is a series of flattened, stacked membranous sacs that packages and processes products from the endoplasmic reticulum.
    • Peroxisomes are membranous sacs that contain detoxifying substances and play a role in the breakdown and synthesis of fatty acids.
    • Lysosomes are membranous sacs of digestive enzymes that break down materials in the cell, including bacteria, and perform metabolic functions.
    • The cytoskeleton is an elaborate series of rods made up of microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules that maintain cell shape and aid in movement.
    • Cilia and flagella are hair-like projections on the cell surface that have a wavelike pattern of movement and are involved in moving substances or the entire cell.
    • The nucleus is the largest organelle in the cell, containing DNA and serving as the control center for cell metabolic activity. It is enclosed by the nuclear envelope and contains nucleoli and chromatin.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Anatomy & Physiology I PDF
    Anatomy & Physiology PN 1109 Objective 3 Part A (2023) PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on acids and bases with this quiz! Learn about the pH scale, electrolytes, and how to determine if a substance is acidic, basic, or neutral. Challenge yourself to score between 0-14 and discover the different properties of these important chemical compounds.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser