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Acid-Fast Stain Overview

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Questions and Answers

What are mycolic acids primarily composed of?

Short chain fatty acids

Carbohydrate polymers

Protein complexes

Long chain a-alkyl, -hydroxy fatty acids (correct)

How do mycolic acids influence the pathogenicity of certain microorganisms?

They promote rapid growth of the bacteria.

They inhibit replication of bacterial DNA.

They enhance nutrient absorption through the cell wall.

They protect bacteria from antibiotics and phagocytosis. (correct)

What is the primary stain used in the acid-fast staining procedure?

Crystal violet

Loeffler's alkaline methylene blue

Safranin

Kinyoun's carbolfuchsin (correct)

What color do acid-fast positive organisms appear after the acid-fast staining procedure?

Red Signup and view all the answers

What happens to non-acid-fast organisms during the decolorization step of acid-fast staining?

They are decolorized. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following genera includes acid-fast bacteria?

Mycobacterium Signup and view all the answers

What kind of bacteria is characterized by having a cell wall that includes mycolic acids?

Acid-fast bacteria Signup and view all the answers

Which stain is used as a counterstain in the acid-fast staining process?

Loeffler's alkaline methylene blue Signup and view all the answers

Why do acid-fast bacteria exhibit extremely slow growth?

Their cell walls inhibit nutrient uptake. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a disadvantage of the thick cell wall of acid-fast bacteria?

Slower growth rate Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Acid-Fast Stain

Acid-fast bacteria are gram-positive bacteria that contain up to 60% mycolic acids in their cell walls.
Mycolic acids are long chain a-alkyl, -hydroxy fatty acids.
Mycolic acids protect against some antibiotics and phagocytosis by macrophages.
Mycolic acids make it difficult for nutrients to enter the cell, resulting in slow growth for acid-fast bacteria.
Acid-fast bacteria resist most stains, including the Gram stain.
The acid-fast stain differentiates between acid-fast positive and acid-fast negative bacteria.
The primary stain in the acid-fast stain is Kinyoun's carbolfuchsin, which stains acid-fast positive organisms red.
Acid-fast positive bacteria retain the red stain after decolorization with acid alcohol.
Acid-fast negative bacteria are decolorized by acid alcohol and are stained blue by Loeffler's alkaline methylene blue.
Genera Mycobacterium, Nocardia, and Corynebacterium include pathogens.
The acid-fast stain helps identify pathogens in clinical samples.

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Description

This quiz covers the principles and significance of the acid-fast stain in microbiology. Learn about the characteristics of acid-fast bacteria, the staining process, and specific pathogens related to this staining technique. Ideal for those studying bacteriology and microbiological techniques.