Acid-Base Imbalances Quiz

A state where the blood pH is below 7.35 due to an excess of CO2 in the blood, often caused by hypoventilation.

A state where the blood pH is below 7.35 due to an increase in acid production or a loss of bicarbonate, often seen in diabetic ketoacidosis, kidney failure, or severe diarrhea.

A state where the blood pH is above 7.45 due to a decrease in CO2 levels in the blood, often caused by hyperventilation.

A state where the blood pH is above 7.45 due to an excess of bicarbonate or a loss of acid, often caused by prolonged vomiting or excessive use of antacids.

A state where the body compensates for an initial acid-base disturbance by adjusting the other system to maintain a normal pH.

A state where the body successfully compensates for the initial acid-base disturbance, resulting in a normal pH.

A state where the body is unable to fully compensate for the initial acid-base disturbance, resulting in an abnormal pH.

A state where both respiratory and metabolic systems contribute to an abnormal pH.

The partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO2) in arterial blood, reflecting the body's ability to eliminate CO2 through respiration.

The concentration of bicarbonate (HCO3-) in arterial blood, representing the body's ability to buffer acids.

The measure of the acidity or alkalinity of the blood, with a normal range of 7.35 to 7.45.

A common complication of diabetes mellitus characterized by high blood glucose, ketones, and metabolic acidosis.

A condition characterized by shortness of breath, mucus production, and chronic airway obstruction, often leading to respiratory acidosis.

A condition characterized by the presence of harmful microorganisms in the bloodstream, often leading to metabolic acidosis.

The process of artificially assisting a patient's ventilation, often necessary after surgery or in cases of respiratory failure.

The process of breathing too rapidly or deeply, often caused by anxiety, pain, or metabolic acidosis.

A condition characterized by excessive vomiting, leading to a loss of stomach acid and metabolic alkalosis.

A medical condition that causes a buildup of CO2 in the blood, leading to a drop in blood pH.

Abnormal shortness of breath, often due to a lung condition or other medical problem.

An increased rate and depth of breathing, often a response to metabolic acidosis or other medical conditions.

A condition characterized by a high level of acid (hydrogen ions) in the blood, leading to a drop in blood pH.

A condition characterized by a high level of alkaline (bicarbonate ions) in the blood, leading to an increase in blood pH.

A substance that helps maintain a stable pH by absorbing or releasing hydrogen ions.

A substance that helps maintain a stable pH by absorbing or releasing hydrogen ions. In the context of acid-base balance, bicarbonate is a key buffer.

The process of breathing out CO2, which is essential for maintaining acid-base balance.

A condition where the body fails to eliminate CO2 effectively, leading to respiratory acidosis.

A condition where the body eliminates CO2 too rapidly, often leading to respiratory alkalosis.

A condition where the body produces or retains too much acid, contributing to metabolic acidosis.

A condition where the body loses too much bicarbonate, often due to diarrhea or kidney failure, contributing to metabolic acidosis.

A condition where the body retains too much bicarbonate, often due to prolonged vomiting or excessive use of antacids, contributing to metabolic alkalosis.

A condition where the body loses too much acid, often due to prolonged vomiting, contributing to metabolic alkalosis.

A condition where the body retains too much acid, often due to kidney failure or diabetes, contributing to metabolic acidosis.