Acid-Base Balance Quiz
12 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary source of acid production during metabolism?

  • Oxidation of proteins only
  • Dehydration processes in the body
  • Oxidation of carbohydrates, fats, and most amino acids (correct)
  • Consumption of acidic foods

    • How much CO2 does an adult produce from a typical western diet each day?

  • 20,000 mmol
  • 10,000 mmol
  • 5,000 mmol
  • 15,000 mmol (correct)

    • What role do the kidneys play in acid-base balance?

  • They only regulate water balance.
  • They primarily produce acids.
  • They can excrete acid and reabsorb/generate bicarbonate. (correct)
  • They convert bicarbonate into non-volatile acids.

    • What is the effect of metabolically generated bases on H+ production?

    <p>They decrease H+ production. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the bicarbonate buffer system?

    <p>To maintain blood pH and resist changes caused by acids. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does pH measure in blood plasma?

    <p>The concentration of hydrogen ions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a weak acid function as a buffer?

    <p>By binding to excess hydrogen ions when pH decreases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary buffer system in extracellular fluid?

    <p>Bicarbonate buffer system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal blood pH range?

    <p>7.35 - 7.45 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes has the fastest response to changes in hydrogen ion concentration?

    <p>Extracellular buffering by HCO3^- (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is not essential in the phosphate buffer system?

    <p>Bicarbonate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does it typically take for renal control of acid-base balance to become effective?

    <p>Hours to days (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Blood pH

    The concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in blood plasma, measured on a scale called pH, crucial for proper bodily functions.

    Importance of Acid-Base Balance

    Maintaining a stable pH in blood (around 7.35-7.45) is vital since H+ affects proteins' function and enzyme activity.

    Buffer System

    A system that helps resist changes in pH by absorbing or releasing H+ when needed.

    Bicarbonate Buffer System

    The primary buffer in extracellular fluid. Acts like a reversible reaction neutralizing H+.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Respiratory Control of pH

    Lungs regulate blood pH by controlling CO2 levels via exhalation. Less CO2 = Less H+

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Renal Control of pH

    Kidneys adjust pH by excreting excess H+ or absorbing bicarbonate ions.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Phosphate Buffer System

    Buffer that is crucial in intracellular fluids and urine. Is not as effective a buffer in blood.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Acids & H+

    Acids release hydrogen ions (H+), increasing acidity.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Acid Production

    The body produces significant amounts of acid (H+) daily, primarily from CO2 production during metabolism.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Kidneys' Role in Acid-Base

    The kidneys play a critical role in regulating acid-base balance by excreting excess acid and producing/reabsorbing bicarbonate.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Non-volatile Acids

    Acids the lungs cannot remove.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Metabolic acid production

    The body's metabolic process generates acids

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Study Notes

    Acid-Base Balance

    • Maintaining acid-base balance is crucial for proper bodily function
    • Buffers play a vital role in acid-base balance
    • Respiratory system controls acid-base balance rapidly
    • Renal system controls acid-base balance over a longer period

    Importance of pH

    • pH measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in blood plasma
    • Lower pH indicates a higher concentration of hydrogen ions (more acidic)
    • Blood pH is maintained between 7.35-7.45

    Sources of Hydrogen Ions (H+)

    • Acids donate H+ ions, increasing acidity
    • Nonvolatile acids (e.g., sulfuric, phosphoric)
    • Organic acids (e.g., lactic, ketones, fatty acids)
    • Volatile acids (e.g., carbonic acid) can leave the body via the lungs.

    Buffer Systems

    • Buffers resist changes in pH
    • Weak acids effectively buffer pH changes
    • Bicarbonate buffer system is the primary buffer for extracellular fluid
    • Phosphate buffer system is important in intracellular fluid and urine

    Protein Buffers

    • Proteins are abundant buffers in both intracellular and extracellular fluids
    • Diversity of amino acid side chains allows proteins to effectively buffer a wide range of pH values
    • They are important in maintaining pH balance.

    Respiratory Control

    • Lungs control CO2 levels, which influences blood pH
    • Increased ventilation (hyperventilation) expels CO2, decreasing acidity
    • Decreased ventilation (hypoventilation) retains CO2, increasing acidity

    Renal Control

    • Kidneys regulate pH by excreting or reabsorbing bicarbonate (HCO3-)
    • Reabsorption of filtered HCO3- and generation of new bicarbonate are important mechanisms
    • Excretion of metabolic acids, like phosphoric acid, uric acid, lactic acid, and ketones by kidneys

    Determining Acid-Base Imbalances

    • pH values are used to determine acidosis (pH < 7.35) or alkalosis (pH > 7.45)
    • pCO2 (partial pressure of carbon dioxide) helps distinguish respiratory causes
    • Bicarbonate (HCO3-) levels help distinguish metabolic causes
    • Compensation mechanisms can lead to normal pH despite an underlying imbalance

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Acid-Base Balance: A Comprehensive Overview PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the crucial concepts of acid-base balance, including the role of buffers and the importance of pH levels in the body. Understand how both the respiratory and renal systems work to maintain this balance. Dive into sources of hydrogen ions and the various buffer systems involved.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser