18 Questions
What is the primary function of the intrinsic factor secreted by the stomach?
To facilitate the absorption of vitamin B-12 in the intestines
Which of the following is NOT a function of the stomach?
Secretion of digestive enzymes
Which region of the stomach contains the gastric pits and glands?
All regions of the stomach contain gastric pits and glands
What is the primary function of saliva secreted by the salivary glands?
Lubrication and moisturization of the oral cavity
Which of the following stimuli inhibits the salivary gland's secretion of saliva?
Sleep
How does the salivary nervous system stimulate salivary secretion?
Through the release of norepinephrine, which binds to beta-adrenergic receptors on salivary gland cells
What is the relationship between the concentrations of Na+ and Cl- in saliva compared to plasma?
Saliva has lower concentrations of Na+ and Cl- than plasma
What is the relationship between the concentration of K+ in saliva compared to plasma?
Saliva has higher K+ concentration than plasma
How does the HCO3- concentration in saliva compare to plasma at low flow rates?
Saliva has lower HCO3- concentration than plasma
How does the HCO3- concentration in saliva compare to plasma at high flow rates?
Saliva has higher HCO3- concentration than plasma
Which enzyme in saliva can hydrolyze triglycerides without the help of bile salts?
Lingual lipase
What is the primary regulation of the salivary glands?
Sympathetic nervous system
What is the primary role of the sympathetic nervous system in relation to the GI system?
Inhibits motor activities of the GI system
Which component in saliva plays a crucial role in regulating the pH of saliva?
Bicarbonate
What percentage of water is absorbed by the small intestine?
78%
What is one of the key functions of saliva in the oral cavity, besides digestion?
Maintaining pH in the oral cavity
How does the flow rate of saliva impact the concentration of potassium (K+)?
Increased flow rate decreases K+ concentration
What happens to the pH of saliva as the flow rate increases?
The pH becomes more basic
Explore the pathway where acetylcholine binds to M3 receptors in salivary gland cells, leading to the production of secondary messengers IP3 & Ca2+ and subsequent effects such as secretion of saliva, smooth muscle contraction, vasodilation, and gland growth. Learn about factors that inhibit this pathway like sleep, fatigue, dehydration, fear, and acetylcholine-blocking drugs.
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