Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a hallmark symptom of Duchenne muscular dystrophy? select all that apply
What is a hallmark symptom of Duchenne muscular dystrophy? select all that apply
- Pseudohypertrophy of muscles, especially calves (correct)
- Chronic respiratory insufficiency (correct)
- Progressive weakness, clumsy gait (correct)
- Gower's sign - using hands to help get up due to pelvic girdle weakness (correct)
Which of the following anesthetic considerations should be prioritized for patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy?
Which of the following anesthetic considerations should be prioritized for patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy?
- Awareness of delayed gastric emptying and decreased motility to reduce aspiration risk (correct)
- Pulmonary and cardiac complications are common (correct)
- Macroglossia can lead to difficult airway management (correct)
- Avoid succinylcholine and volatile anesthetics due to hyperkalemia and rhabdomyolysis (correct)
What distinguishes Becker muscular dystrophy from Duchenne muscular dystrophy?
What distinguishes Becker muscular dystrophy from Duchenne muscular dystrophy?
- Adolescent onset with a milder presentation (correct)
- Characterized by rapid symptom progression
- Onset during later adulthood
- Absence of cardiac involvement
Which of the following is a symptom associated with myotonic muscular dystrophy?
Which of the following is a symptom associated with myotonic muscular dystrophy?
What is the expected trend in serum CK levels as muscular dystrophy progresses?
What is the expected trend in serum CK levels as muscular dystrophy progresses?
Which statement accurately describes the action of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors?
Which statement accurately describes the action of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors?
Which type of receptor is primarily affected by anticholinergics?
Which type of receptor is primarily affected by anticholinergics?
What is the primary mechanism by which Myasthenia Gravis leads to muscle weakness?
What is the primary mechanism by which Myasthenia Gravis leads to muscle weakness?
Bulbar symptoms are associated with which condition, and what do they primarily affect?
Bulbar symptoms are associated with which condition, and what do they primarily affect?
What symptom pattern is characteristic of Myasthenia Gravis?
What symptom pattern is characteristic of Myasthenia Gravis?
What is the main reason for using amide-based local anesthetics in patients with myasthenia gravis?
What is the main reason for using amide-based local anesthetics in patients with myasthenia gravis?
What dosing consideration should be taken when administering cholinesterase inhibitors intravenously compared to oral dosing?
What dosing consideration should be taken when administering cholinesterase inhibitors intravenously compared to oral dosing?
Which condition is associated with an increased risk of acute respiratory failure in myasthenia gravis patients?
Which condition is associated with an increased risk of acute respiratory failure in myasthenia gravis patients?
Which clinical scenario is likely a trigger for exacerbation in autoimmune diseases like myasthenia gravis?
Which clinical scenario is likely a trigger for exacerbation in autoimmune diseases like myasthenia gravis?
What untoward effect does excess dosing of pyridostigmine have on a patient?
What untoward effect does excess dosing of pyridostigmine have on a patient?
Which treatment is most commonly used for mild myasthenia gravis?
Which treatment is most commonly used for mild myasthenia gravis?
During preoperative management for thymectomy, which is a critical consideration for avoiding complications? select all that apply
During preoperative management for thymectomy, which is a critical consideration for avoiding complications? select all that apply
What is the primary cause of airway obstruction and respiratory failure in tetanus?
What is the primary cause of airway obstruction and respiratory failure in tetanus?
Which symptom is characteristic of botulism? select 2
Which symptom is characteristic of botulism? select 2
What underlying factor triggers Guillain-Barre syndrome? select 2
What underlying factor triggers Guillain-Barre syndrome? select 2
Which anesthetic agent is recommended to be avoided in patients with ALS or any patient with an upregulation of fetal nAChR?
Which anesthetic agent is recommended to be avoided in patients with ALS or any patient with an upregulation of fetal nAChR?
What treatment option is known to prolong life in ALS patients?
What treatment option is known to prolong life in ALS patients?
What condition primarily affects males (x-linked) due to a genetic defect in dystrophin?
What condition primarily affects males (x-linked) due to a genetic defect in dystrophin?
What anesthetic drug should be avoided in patients undergoing surgery while on MAOIs?
What anesthetic drug should be avoided in patients undergoing surgery while on MAOIs?
What condition involves a genetic mutation causing defects in myelin formation and leads to reduced nerve conduction?
What condition involves a genetic mutation causing defects in myelin formation and leads to reduced nerve conduction?
Which of the following medications can cause dystonia when administered rapidly? select 2
Which of the following medications can cause dystonia when administered rapidly? select 2
What is a potential risk associated with the placement of deep brain stimulation electrodes for Parkinson's?
What is a potential risk associated with the placement of deep brain stimulation electrodes for Parkinson's?
Which anesthetic consideration is crucial for patients with Parkinson’s dementia being treated with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors? select 2
Which anesthetic consideration is crucial for patients with Parkinson’s dementia being treated with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors? select 2
What does the presence of Lewy bodies in Parkinson's disease indicate?
What does the presence of Lewy bodies in Parkinson's disease indicate?
What symptom typically presents first in patients with Parkinson's disease?
What symptom typically presents first in patients with Parkinson's disease?
What is the primary characteristic of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy?
What is the primary characteristic of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy?
Which of the following is NOT considered a type of periodic paralysis?
Which of the following is NOT considered a type of periodic paralysis?
In patients with Huntington's disease, which symptom is primarily associated with the disease? select 3
In patients with Huntington's disease, which symptom is primarily associated with the disease? select 3
Which anesthesia consideration is particular to patients with Alzheimer's disease?
Which anesthesia consideration is particular to patients with Alzheimer's disease?
In the distinction between Guillain-Barré Syndrome and multiple sclerosis, which statement is correct?
In the distinction between Guillain-Barré Syndrome and multiple sclerosis, which statement is correct?
Which condition involves autoimmune destruction of myelin in peripheral nerves?
Which condition involves autoimmune destruction of myelin in peripheral nerves?
What is the primary treatment for managing symptoms of Huntington's disease?
What is the primary treatment for managing symptoms of Huntington's disease?
What defines vascular dementia?
What defines vascular dementia?
In Parkinson's disease, what leads to the characteristic symptoms?
In Parkinson's disease, what leads to the characteristic symptoms?
What is an effect of chronic steroid use in surgical patients?
What is an effect of chronic steroid use in surgical patients?
What are the targets for anticholinesterase inhibitors?
What are the targets for anticholinesterase inhibitors?
Where are nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) primarily found?
Where are nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) primarily found?
Which drug class blocks nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChR)?
Which drug class blocks nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChR)?
How do anticholinergics work?
How do anticholinergics work?
anticholinergic = antimuscarinic
anticholinergic = antimuscarinic
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor drugs = neostigmine, pyridostigmine, edrophonium, physostigmine
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor drugs = neostigmine, pyridostigmine, edrophonium, physostigmine
Where are the antibodies produced that cause the symptoms associated with myasthenia gravis (MG)?
Where are the antibodies produced that cause the symptoms associated with myasthenia gravis (MG)?
Which of the following describes the pattern of symptoms in Myasthenia Gravis (MG)?
Which of the following describes the pattern of symptoms in Myasthenia Gravis (MG)?
Why do babies born to mothers with Myasthenia Gravis experience transient symptoms?
Why do babies born to mothers with Myasthenia Gravis experience transient symptoms?
What is the target for antibody-mediated destruction in Myasthenia Gravis (MG)?
What is the target for antibody-mediated destruction in Myasthenia Gravis (MG)?
What test was historically used to assess for Myasthenia Gravis (MG)?
What test was historically used to assess for Myasthenia Gravis (MG)?
What is thymus hyperplasia associated with?
What is thymus hyperplasia associated with?
What is a complication of regional techniques for a thymectomy, specifically the use of high regional techniques like supraclavicular block?
What is a complication of regional techniques for a thymectomy, specifically the use of high regional techniques like supraclavicular block?
What are postoperative ventilation predictors for the patient with Myasthenia Gravis (MG)? (Select all that apply)
What are postoperative ventilation predictors for the patient with Myasthenia Gravis (MG)? (Select all that apply)
What is the normal range for vital capacity in adults?
What is the normal range for vital capacity in adults?
Which of the following drugs can cause muscle weakness in patients with Myasthenia Gravis (MG)? select 2
Which of the following drugs can cause muscle weakness in patients with Myasthenia Gravis (MG)? select 2
What is the preferred extubation technique for a patient with muscular weakness disorder?
What is the preferred extubation technique for a patient with muscular weakness disorder?
What is the expected outcome when administering succinylcholine to a patient with Myasthenia Gravis (MG)?
What is the expected outcome when administering succinylcholine to a patient with Myasthenia Gravis (MG)?
What is unique about the effects of organophosphates as compared to anticholinergics?
What is unique about the effects of organophosphates as compared to anticholinergics?
What is the baseline Train-of-Four (ToF) response in a patient with Myasthenia Gravis (MG)?
What is the baseline Train-of-Four (ToF) response in a patient with Myasthenia Gravis (MG)?
What is the preferred neuromuscular blocking drug (NMBD) used in myasthenia gravis (MG)?
What is the preferred neuromuscular blocking drug (NMBD) used in myasthenia gravis (MG)?
Cholinergic crisis = SLUDGE = salivation, lacrimation, urination, diaphoresis, GI sx, emesis, AND miosis
Cholinergic crisis = SLUDGE = salivation, lacrimation, urination, diaphoresis, GI sx, emesis, AND miosis
What is a differentiating feature of myasthenic crisis?
What is a differentiating feature of myasthenic crisis?
What is Lambert-Eaton syndrome associated with?
What is Lambert-Eaton syndrome associated with?
What is the pathophysiology of Lambert-Eaton Syndrome (LES)?
What is the pathophysiology of Lambert-Eaton Syndrome (LES)?
What is the pattern of skeletal muscle weakness in Lambert-Eaton Syndrome (LES)?
What is the pattern of skeletal muscle weakness in Lambert-Eaton Syndrome (LES)?
What is unique about muscle weakness in Lambert-Eaton Syndrome (LES)?
What is unique about muscle weakness in Lambert-Eaton Syndrome (LES)?
What causes muscle weakness in Lambert-Eaton Syndrome (LES)?
What causes muscle weakness in Lambert-Eaton Syndrome (LES)?
LES is characterized by ____.
LES is characterized by ____.
What is a treatment option for Lambert-Eaton Syndrome (LES)?
What is a treatment option for Lambert-Eaton Syndrome (LES)?
Weakness often precedes the discovery of a tumor in which neurodegenerative disease?
Weakness often precedes the discovery of a tumor in which neurodegenerative disease?
What is polymyositis?
What is polymyositis?
What other complication is Stiff Person Syndrome associated with?
What other complication is Stiff Person Syndrome associated with?
What are patients with polymyositis prone to? (Select all that apply)
What are patients with polymyositis prone to? (Select all that apply)
What is limbic encephalitis?
What is limbic encephalitis?
What can cause acute flaccid paralysis?
What can cause acute flaccid paralysis?
Which two neurodegenerative diseases are caused by bacteria? select 2
Which two neurodegenerative diseases are caused by bacteria? select 2
What disease process is similar to botulism due to the inhibition of presynaptic release of acetylcholine (ACh)?
What disease process is similar to botulism due to the inhibition of presynaptic release of acetylcholine (ACh)?
What neurodegenerative condition is considered a neuromuscular emergency?
What neurodegenerative condition is considered a neuromuscular emergency?
What is Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)?
What is Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)?
What is the alternate name for Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)?
What is the alternate name for Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)?
Which is the only neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by its resistance to succinylcholine?
Which is the only neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by its resistance to succinylcholine?
What is the symptom pattern in Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)?
What is the symptom pattern in Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)?
What differentiates the symptoms of Lambert-Eaton Syndrome (LES) from Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)? select 2
What differentiates the symptoms of Lambert-Eaton Syndrome (LES) from Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)? select 2
What is ALS?
What is ALS?
What commonly used neuromuscular blocking drug (NMBD) has a black box warning for use in pediatric patients?
What commonly used neuromuscular blocking drug (NMBD) has a black box warning for use in pediatric patients?
What is the pattern of weakness in ALS?
What is the pattern of weakness in ALS?
What causes adverse reactions when using volatile anesthetics (VA) on a patient with muscular dystrophy?
What causes adverse reactions when using volatile anesthetics (VA) on a patient with muscular dystrophy?
What causes non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockades (NMBDs) to have a delayed onset and prolonged duration in patients with muscular dystrophy?
What causes non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockades (NMBDs) to have a delayed onset and prolonged duration in patients with muscular dystrophy?
What type of muscular dystrophy results in symptoms similar to premature aging?
What type of muscular dystrophy results in symptoms similar to premature aging?
Which types of muscular dystrophy usually appear during adolescence or early adulthood? select 2
Which types of muscular dystrophy usually appear during adolescence or early adulthood? select 2
What is usually spared from weakness in Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy?
What is usually spared from weakness in Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy?
What does CK (Creatine Kinase) measure?
What does CK (Creatine Kinase) measure?
What is myotonia congenita?
What is myotonia congenita?
No cardiac involvement in myotonia congenita
No cardiac involvement in myotonia congenita
What is periodic paralysis?
What is periodic paralysis?
What is considered a risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS)? select 2
What is considered a risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS)? select 2
What is expected during the anesthetic management of a patient with multiple sclerosis (MS)?
What is expected during the anesthetic management of a patient with multiple sclerosis (MS)?
Which of the following factors are associated with worsening symptoms in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS)?
Which of the following factors are associated with worsening symptoms in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS)?
What should be considered if your patient with adrenocortical suppression is hypotensive intraoperatively? select all that apply
What should be considered if your patient with adrenocortical suppression is hypotensive intraoperatively? select all that apply
What is Huntington's disease?
What is Huntington's disease?
What are the expected acetylcholine levels in a patient with Alzheimer's disease?
What are the expected acetylcholine levels in a patient with Alzheimer's disease?
What neurodegenerative disease is characterized by dystonia?
What neurodegenerative disease is characterized by dystonia?
What type of medications should be avoided in patients with Parkinson's disease?
What type of medications should be avoided in patients with Parkinson's disease?
What causes increased sensitivity to both succinylcholine and non-depolarizing NMBDs in certain neurodegenerative diseases? select 2
What causes increased sensitivity to both succinylcholine and non-depolarizing NMBDs in certain neurodegenerative diseases? select 2
What is a seizure?
What is a seizure?
What is commonly used to treat chorea in Huntington's disease?
What is commonly used to treat chorea in Huntington's disease?
What are some common treatments for Parkinson's disease? (Select all that apply)
What are some common treatments for Parkinson's disease? (Select all that apply)
Most patients with Parkinson's disease also have Lewy bodies
Most patients with Parkinson's disease also have Lewy bodies
How much can seizure activity increase brain metabolism?
How much can seizure activity increase brain metabolism?
Match the following types of seizures with their descriptions:
Match the following types of seizures with their descriptions:
What is the cause of most perioperative seizures in non-epileptic patients?
What is the cause of most perioperative seizures in non-epileptic patients?
What should be used to manage an intraoperative seizure? select 2
What should be used to manage an intraoperative seizure? select 2
What is the effect of chronic antiepileptic drugs on anesthetic drugs?
What is the effect of chronic antiepileptic drugs on anesthetic drugs?
What is status epilepticus? select 2
What is status epilepticus? select 2
What are the symptoms of an intraoperative seizure? (Select all that apply)
What are the symptoms of an intraoperative seizure? (Select all that apply)
Flashcards
Myasthenia Gravis (MG)
Myasthenia Gravis (MG)
An autoimmune disease causing grave muscle weakness that improves with rest.
Acetylcholine receptors
Acetylcholine receptors
Proteins in the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) that bind acetylcholine for muscle contraction.
Anticholinergics (Antmuscarinics)
Anticholinergics (Antmuscarinics)
Drugs that block acetylcholine from activating muscarinic receptors, preventing receptor activation.
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
Signup and view all the flashcards
Bulbar symptoms
Bulbar symptoms
Signup and view all the flashcards
Myasthenia Gravis (MG) pregnancy complication
Myasthenia Gravis (MG) pregnancy complication
Signup and view all the flashcards
MG diagnosis - Tensilon test
MG diagnosis - Tensilon test
Signup and view all the flashcards
MG treatment - Pyridostigmine (oral)
MG treatment - Pyridostigmine (oral)
Signup and view all the flashcards
MG treatment - Severe disease
MG treatment - Severe disease
Signup and view all the flashcards
Pyridostigmine overdose effect
Pyridostigmine overdose effect
Signup and view all the flashcards
Thymectomy in MG
Thymectomy in MG
Signup and view all the flashcards
Thymoma vs. Hyperplasia
Thymoma vs. Hyperplasia
Signup and view all the flashcards
Pre-op considerations for MG patients
Pre-op considerations for MG patients
Signup and view all the flashcards
Tetanus cause
Tetanus cause
Signup and view all the flashcards
Botulism symptom
Botulism symptom
Signup and view all the flashcards
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) trigger
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) trigger
Signup and view all the flashcards
GBS symptom onset
GBS symptom onset
Signup and view all the flashcards
ALS cause
ALS cause
Signup and view all the flashcards
ALS symptom
ALS symptom
Signup and view all the flashcards
ALS anesthetic implication
ALS anesthetic implication
Signup and view all the flashcards
Duchenne muscular dystrophy cause
Duchenne muscular dystrophy cause
Signup and view all the flashcards
X-linked recessive muscular dystrophy
X-linked recessive muscular dystrophy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Gower's sign
Gower's sign
Signup and view all the flashcards
Anesthetic considerations for muscular dystrophy
Anesthetic considerations for muscular dystrophy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Becker muscular dystrophy
Becker muscular dystrophy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Myotonic muscular dystrophy
Myotonic muscular dystrophy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Dopaminergic agents
Dopaminergic agents
Signup and view all the flashcards
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)
Signup and view all the flashcards
What is Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMTD)?
What is Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMTD)?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What are the anesthetic implications of CMTD?
What are the anesthetic implications of CMTD?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What are Lewy bodies?
What are Lewy bodies?
Signup and view all the flashcards
How does a seizure impact brain metabolism?
How does a seizure impact brain metabolism?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What are the main anesthetic considerations for Parkinson's patients?
What are the main anesthetic considerations for Parkinson's patients?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What is the risk of aspiration during anesthetic management of Parkinson's patients?
What is the risk of aspiration during anesthetic management of Parkinson's patients?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What is the main characteristic of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy?
What is the main characteristic of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What are the key features of limb girdle dystrophy?
What are the key features of limb girdle dystrophy?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What is the primary cause of myotonia congenita?
What is the primary cause of myotonia congenita?
Signup and view all the flashcards
Why should you avoid succinylcholine in patients with myotonia congenita?
Why should you avoid succinylcholine in patients with myotonia congenita?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What is the major characteristic of periodic paralysis?
What is the major characteristic of periodic paralysis?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What is the key pathophysiological change in multiple sclerosis?
What is the key pathophysiological change in multiple sclerosis?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What are the main anesthetic considerations for patients with multiple sclerosis?
What are the main anesthetic considerations for patients with multiple sclerosis?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What is the fundamental difference between multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barré syndrome?
What is the fundamental difference between multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barré syndrome?
Signup and view all the flashcards
Why is it important to consider stress doses of steroids in patients on chronic steroid therapy?
Why is it important to consider stress doses of steroids in patients on chronic steroid therapy?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What is the primary symptom of Huntington's disease?
What is the primary symptom of Huntington's disease?
Signup and view all the flashcards
Why should central anticholinergics and Reglan be avoided in patients with Huntington's disease?
Why should central anticholinergics and Reglan be avoided in patients with Huntington's disease?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What are the key anesthetic considerations for patients with dementia?
What are the key anesthetic considerations for patients with dementia?
Signup and view all the flashcards
How does Alzheimer's disease impact the brain?
How does Alzheimer's disease impact the brain?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What are the major risk factors for Alzheimer's disease?
What are the major risk factors for Alzheimer's disease?
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
Acetylcholine
- Activates muscarinic receptors in the SA node, bronchial smooth muscle, and salivary glands
- Blocked by anticholinergics
- Activates nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia and skeletal muscle
- Blocked by neuromuscular blockers
- Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors increase acetylcholine at nicotinic receptors by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase.
- Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor drugs include neostigmine, pyridostigmine, edrophonium, and physostigmine.
- Anticholinergics (antimuscarinics) competitively block acetylcholine binding and prevent receptor activation.
- Bulbar symptoms are related to the corticobulbar tract, including oropharyngeal weakness and difficulty swallowing.
- Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is characterized by a grave muscle weakness improving with rest.
- Autoimmune destruction of postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors at the NMJ leads to reduced functional receptors.
- Symptoms include skeletal muscle weakness worsening with activity, improving with rest, diplopia, dysarthria, dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), and limited facial expressions.
- Symptoms start in the eyes and move downward.
- Associated with other autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, polymyositis, or autoimmune thyroiditis/hyperthyroidism.
- Life expectancy is normal.
- MG is characterized by remissions and exacerbations.
- Triggers for exacerbation include stress, infection, surgery, and pregnancy.
Treatment
- Mild disease: anticholinesterase drugs (e.g., pyridostigmine).
- Moderate disease: anticholinesterase drugs, corticosteroids, IVIG, or immunosuppressants.
- Severe disease: plasmapheresis or thymectomy
- Pyridostigmine dosing should be limited to 1/30 of oral dose for IV administration.
- Thymectomy may resolve MG
- Optimize medical management before surgery.
- Aspiration risk, therefore, consider RSI and pre-treat with reglan/H2 blockers.
- Regional anesthesia may be appropriate, but note possible worsening of respiratory complications.
- Postoperative mechanical ventilation is a possible predictor for complications.
Additional Notes
- Tensilon/edrophonium test can increase acetylcholine levels, potentially resulting in symptom improvement.
- Blood tests and electromyography are used to detect serum acetylcholine receptor antibodies or investigate specific muscle activity.
- Thymectomy and appropriate medical management are possible treatments for MG.
- Excess pyridostigmine dosing causes cholinergic crisis.
- Cholinergic crisis is an adverse effect of anticholinesterase medications characterized by excessive muscarinic and nicotinic stimulation.
- Myasthenic crisis results from a lack of acetylcholine.
- Anticholinesterases are used in cholinergic crisis, steroids or immunotherapy can be used in myasthenic crisis.
- Succinylcholine is contraindicated in patients with myasthenia gravis due to hyperkalemia and possibly worsened myasthenic problems.
- Medications that can worsen muscle relaxation such as steroids or aminoglycosides, should be avoided.
- Minimizing or avoiding muscle relaxants, if appropriate.
- Succinylcholine may require increased dosages for patients resistant to the effects.
- Rocuronium or other aminosteroidal neuromuscular blockers (NMBs) may be considered with predictable reversal through sugammadex.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz covers the role of acetylcholine in activating muscarinic and nicotinic receptors, its inhibition by various blockers, and its relationship with conditions such as Myasthenia Gravis. Test your knowledge on acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and the physiological effects associated with acetylcholine signaling.
