Histopathology Theory
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Questions and Answers

Fixation is the ____ of tissue shortly after taken from the body preventing ____ & ____.

Preservation, Autolysis, Putrefaction

Criteria for a good fixative

  • Allows for proper staining (correct)
  • Rapid penetration (correct)
  • Allows for cells to be seen under microscope (correct)
  • Doesn't shrink tissue (correct)

    • What is formalin buffered with?

    Sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrous, Disodium hydrogen phosphate anhydrous

    What is the Lily's, Kardasiwiths and Picric Acid Method?

    <p>How formalin pigments are removed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The picric acid method of the removal of formalin pigment says, " Bring to water, place in picric acid for 5mins to 2 hours & wash for 10-15 mins.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of both Carnoy's and Clarke's methods?

    <p>Tissue shrinkage and hardening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is included in Helly's Method that is known to be toxic?

    <p>Mercuric chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected outcome of using Helly's Method on biological samples?

    <p>Formation of formalin pigment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Carnoy's and Clarke's methods have in common?

    <p>Both use the same components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the application of Helly's Method?

    <p>It prepares samples for cytological studies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does picric acid have on tissue when used in Bouins fixative?

    <p>It causes a yellow color and destroys red blood cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is primarily used in Zenkers fixation?

    <p>Chromic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why must picric acid be kept under a layer of water?

    <p>To avoid its explosive nature when dry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is true about Bouins fixative?

    <p>It is primarily a cytological fixative.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about picric acid is incorrect?

    <p>It is a component of Zenkers fixation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Decalcification is the removal of calcium from teeth, bones, and other tissues.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A good decalcifier must not affect the staining of the tissue.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An effective decalcifier must remove all calcium without altering the bone tissue.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A poor decalcifier takes an inordinate amount of time to remove calcium from tissue, which is considered ____.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary function of decalcification is to enhance the structural integrity of bone for detailed examination.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process begins with selecting the appropriate ______ tissue.

    <p>bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ step aims to preserve the tissue's structure for further processing.

    <p>fixation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Decalcification is the core of the procedure, removing ______ from the bone tissue.

    <p>calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A critical step to determine when decalcification is complete involves using red litmus and ______.

    <p>ammonium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neutralization ensures no adverse effects on the tissue from the chemicals used in the ______ process.

    <p>decalcification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary advantage of using acid decalcification?

    <p>It is quick.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a disadvantage of acid decalcification?

    <p>It can damage tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method utilizes the principle of using acids to dissolve calcium salts?

    <p>Acid decalcification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following methods is NOT part of acid decalcification?

    <p>Cryogenic decalcification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does a weak acid have in the decalcification process?

    <p>It takes longer to decalcify.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately differentiates the advantages of RDO compared to other methods?

    <p>RDO is easy to use and provides rapid results.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disadvantage is unique to electrolysis compared to RDO and ion-exchange?

    <p>Can cause tissue shrinkage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common issue that can arise from the use of RDO?

    <p>Fumes may be released during the process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic makes ion-exchange a preferred choice over weaker acids?

    <p>It is faster and preserves morphology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key aspect is required for the effective use of ion-exchange?

    <p>Regular monitoring to ensure efficacy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a main advantage of using ROO as a decalcifier?

    <p>It is rapid and easy to use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a disadvantage of using ROO as a decalcifier?

    <p>It produces harmful fumes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Pereny's decalcifier from others?

    <p>It provides excellent staining and detail.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic best describes citric acid as a decalcifier?

    <p>It is great for staining but is too slow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about the use of ROO?

    <p>It is safe for all tissue types without any consequences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main components of Jenkins's instrument?

    <p>Acetic acid and chloroform</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements correctly describes the advantages of using Jenkins's instrument?

    <p>It has minimal tissue damage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which acid is used in the preparation of formic acid according to Gooding and Stewart?

    <p>Formaldehyde</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pairs are included in Jenkins's instrument?

    <p>Acetic acid and chloroform</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a correct understanding of the type of acid used in Jenkins's instrument?

    <p>It is a weak acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Write 3 main points of lean.

    <p>Eliminates waste, Promotes timely processes and smooth workflow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match these 5 aspects of lean six sigma.

    <p>Sort = Remove processes that cause wastage and slow down work flow Set in order = Rearrange processes to promote great work flow and to eliminate waste shine = keep work area clean and enjoyable to work in Standardize = Create an SoP of these new procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match these flow chart procedures with their definitions.

    <p>Operating theator = The tissue in question is removes. eg Biopsies, whole mounts Assessing = veiwing the tissue microscopically to determine the best processing method Grossing = area of interest in tissue is cut into thin slices, measured and described Validating = ensures that the tissue is stained well and that the tissue matches the criteria for microscopic examination</p> Signup and view all the answers

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