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Questions and Answers
Which genotype corresponds to Type AB blood?
Which genotype corresponds to Type AB blood?
Which allele represents Type O blood in the I gene notation?
Which allele represents Type O blood in the I gene notation?
What type of inheritance do the A and B alleles follow?
What type of inheritance do the A and B alleles follow?
Which genotype does NOT result in Type A blood?
Which genotype does NOT result in Type A blood?
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When a genotype is 'homozygous', what is the composition of the alleles?
When a genotype is 'homozygous', what is the composition of the alleles?
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In incomplete dominance, how are the alleles represented?
In incomplete dominance, how are the alleles represented?
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What is an example of a genotype displaying codominance?
What is an example of a genotype displaying codominance?
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Which statement best describes incomplete dominance?
Which statement best describes incomplete dominance?
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Which of the following is NOT an example of codominance?
Which of the following is NOT an example of codominance?
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Which of the following best explains codominance?
Which of the following best explains codominance?
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Which example illustrates incomplete dominance?
Which example illustrates incomplete dominance?
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Study Notes
ABO Blood Types
- Genotype-Phenotype Correlation: AA and AO genotypes correspond to Type A blood, BB and BO genotypes correspond to Type B blood, AB genotype corresponds to Type AB blood, and OO genotype corresponds to Type O blood.
Blood Type Gene and Alleles
- The blood type gene is represented by I and has three alleles: IA for A, IB for B, and i for O.
Homozygous vs Heterozygous
- Homozygous: A genotype with two identical alleles, e.g., AA or BB.
- Heterozygous: A genotype with two different alleles, e.g., AO or BO.
Inheritance Pattern
- ABO blood types follow both Codominant and Simple Dominant inheritance patterns.
- A and B alleles are codominant with each other.
- A and B alleles are both dominant over the O allele.
Exceptions to Mendel's Laws
- Incomplete Dominance: When neither allele is fully dominant over the other, resulting in a blended phenotype.
- Codominance: When both alleles are equally expressed in the phenotype.
- Multiple Alleles: When a gene has more than two alleles, e.g., three or more options for two alleles.
Incomplete Dominance
- Representation: Incomplete dominance is represented by two capital letters, one with an apostrophe (e.g., R and R').
- Phenotype: The combination of two alleles results in a mixed phenotype.
Codominance
- Definition: Codominance occurs when both alleles of a gene are dominant and equally expressed in the phenotype.
- Representation: Codominance is represented by two capital letters (e.g., B for Brown and W for White).
- Phenotype: The heterozygous phenotype exhibits both traits equally.
Examples of Codominance in Animals
- Speckled: The combination of B (Black) and W (White) alleles results in a speckled phenotype.
- Genotype-Phenotype Correlation: ww corresponds to White, BB corresponds to Black, and BW corresponds to Speckled.
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Description
Learn about the different genotypes and phenotypes of ABO blood types, including the alleles that determine them. Understand the concept of homozygous and heterozygous blood types.
