Abnormal Psychology Overview and Anxiety Disorders

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Questions and Answers

What characterizes obsessive-compulsive disorder?

Obsessions centered on inflicting harm or sexual acts (correct)

A mood disorder involving manic and depressive episodes

A condition marked by memory loss of traumatic events

Involuntary physical movements associated with anxiety

What is a primary characteristic of dissociative identity disorder?

Two or more distinct and substantial personalities (correct)

Delusions of persecution and grandeur

Loss of memory for traumatic events

Persistent sadness and loss of interest

Which of the following best describes dissociative fugue?

Immediate and temporary loss of consciousness

Sudden onset of manic episodes

Complete memory loss of self and identity (correct)

Presence of hallucinations and delusions

What emotional disturbances are associated with mood disorders?

Disruption of physical, perceptual, social, and thought processes Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder is characterized by experiences of both manic and depressive periods?

Bipolar disorder Signup and view all the answers

What defines posttraumatic stress disorder?

Enduring psychological disturbance from trauma Signup and view all the answers

What features are associated with schizophrenic disorders?

Hallucinations and delusions Signup and view all the answers

What type of schizophrenia is associated with significant motor disturbances?

Catatonic schizophrenia Signup and view all the answers

What is one defining characteristic of Generalized Anxiety Disorder?

Chronic, high anxiety not tied to specific threat Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a phobic disorder?

Persistent and irrational fear of an object or situation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes panic disorder with agoraphobia?

Recurrent attacks of overwhelming anxiety and fear of public places Signup and view all the answers

What model of abnormal behavior encourages a scientific view of mental illness?

Medical model Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not one of the three factors defining abnormal behavior?

Displacement Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about anxiety is accurate?

Anxiety is a mood state that represents a general feeling of apprehension. Signup and view all the answers

What might characterize less common phobias?

Irrational fear of specific, often mundane objects or situations Signup and view all the answers

What does the biopsychosocial model of abnormal behavior include?

Biological, psychological, and social factors Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Abnormal Psychology Overview

26% of Americans will experience some form of mental illness in their lives.
Abnormal behavior is defined by deviance, distress, and dysfunction.
Views of abnormal behavior in the 18th century attributed it to demonic possession.
The medical model views mental illness as a disease requiring treatment.
The biopsychosocial model considers biological, psychological, and social factors in mental illness.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) is used for diagnosing mental disorders.

Anxiety Disorders

Anxiety disorders include generalized anxiety disorder, phobic disorder, panic disorder with agoraphobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Fear is an emotional response. Panic is sudden overwhelming terror. Anxiety is a mood state.
Performance tends to decrease at high arousal (fear/anxiety) and increases as arousal rises, but begins to fall again as arousal becomes overwhelming.
Generalized anxiety disorder involves chronic high anxiety not tied to any specific threat. Symptoms include muscle tension, dizziness, and sweating.
Phobic disorder involves a persistent and irrational fear of an object or situation with no realistic danger (e.g., spiders, heights).
Panic disorder with agoraphobia involves recurrent attacks of overwhelming anxiety and fear of public places.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder involves obsessions (harm, failures), and compulsions (stereotyped rituals).
Posttraumatic stress disorder involves enduring psychological disturbance from a major traumatic event.

Dissociative Disorders

Dissociative disorders involve losing contact with portions of consciousness or memory, and disruptions in the sense of identity.
Dissociative amnesia involves sudden loss of memory for a single traumatic event.
Dissociative fugue involves loss of memory for one's entire life.
Dissociative identity disorder involves two or more largely complete and different personalities.

Mood Disorders

Mood disorders involve emotional disturbances that disrupt physical, perceptual, social, and thought processes.
Major depressive disorder involves persistent feelings of sadness and despair, and loss of interest in sources of pleasure.
Bipolar disorder includes periods of depression and mania.

Schizophrenic Disorders

Schizophrenic disorders include delusions, distorted perceptions (e.g., hallucinations), and disturbed emotions.
Schizophrenia has a significant genetic vulnerability and often begins in adolescence or early adulthood.
Types include paranoid schizophrenia (delusions of persecution and grandeur), catatonic schizophrenia (striking motor disturbances ranging from muscular rigidity to random motor activity), disorganized schizophrenia (severe deterioration of adaptive behavior), and undifferentiated schizophrenia (does not fit other types).
Some theories suggest that prenatal viral infections, malnutrition, or obstetrical complications, or other factors are associated to the onset of schizophrenia.

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Description

Explore the fundamental concepts of abnormal psychology, including mental illnesses, their historical perspectives, and modern categorizations. This quiz will also test your knowledge of various anxiety disorders and their characteristics, encapsulated in the DSM-V framework.