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Questions and Answers
What is the gender ratio for women versus men affected by social anxiety disorder?
When does the onset of social anxiety disorder typically occur?
Which ethnic group in the United States has been found to have lower prevalence of social anxiety disorder compared to non-Hispanic Whites?
What is the characteristic feature of panic disorder episodes?
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At what age does panic disorder typically onset cross-nationally?
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What is a common functional consequence of social anxiety disorder?
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Which group shows higher help-seeking behavior for anxiety disorders according to the text?
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'Generalized Anxiety Disorder' is mentioned in the text. Which of the following statements about it is true?
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'Social Anxiety Disorder' involves excessive fear of what?
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What is a known factor that can trigger the onset of Social Anxiety Disorder?
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Study Notes
Anxiety Disorders Overview
- Anxiety is defined as anticipation of future threat, while fear refers to an immediate reaction to danger.
- Panic attacks are intense fear responses characterized by symptoms like heart palpitations, chest pain, dizziness, and shortness of breath.
- Anxiety disorders encompass excessive fear and anxiety, leading to behavioral disturbances.
Types of Anxiety Disorders
- Separation Anxiety Disorder: Excessive worry and dread related to separation from attachment figures, often beginning in preschool and persisting into adolescence.
- Selective Mutism: Inability to engage in communication in specific social settings despite speaking in other situations.
- Specific Phobia: Intense fear of a specific object or situation, leading to avoidance behavior.
- Social Anxiety Disorder: Fear of social situations leading to embarrassment or scrutiny.
- Panic Disorder: Characterized by recurrent panic attacks and persistent concerns about having more attacks.
- Agoraphobia: Involves fear and anxiety in situations like public transport and crowded areas, can be debilitating and lead to being homebound.
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Chronic worry about various aspects of life, with physical symptoms.
- Substance/Medication-Induced Anxiety Disorder: Anxiety symptoms induced by effects of substances or medication.
- Anxiety Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition: Anxiety linked to a medical issue.
- Other Specified & Unspecified Anxiety Disorder: Cases that do not meet the criteria for specified disorders but still cause significant anxiety.
Prevalence and Gender Differences
- Panic disorder affects women more frequently than men at a rate of approximately 2:1, with increased prevalence during adolescence and peaking in adulthood.
- Prevalence rates for panic disorder decline in older adults: 1.2% for those over 55 and 0.7% for those over 64.
- Agoraphobia affects about 1%–1.7% of adolescents and adults worldwide, with women being twice as likely to experience it compared to men.
Functional Consequences
- Anxiety disorders can result in significant social, occupational, and physical functioning impairments.
- Individuals with agoraphobia may become completely homebound and unable to work, affecting overall quality of life.
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Description
Test your knowledge on anxiety disorders by identifying and explaining different types, describing diagnostic criteria, and exploring prevalence, causes, and treatment options for each disorder.
