40 Questions
What is the primary reason behind the ancient practice of trepanning?
To allow evil spirits to escape
What is evidenced by the presence of new bone tissue in primitive skulls?
That the treatment was successful in some cases
Who is credited with prescribing the treatment of bleeding to balance bodily fluids?
Hippocrates
What is a common theme among early ideas about mental illness?
A belief in supernatural causes
What is significant about the multiple trepanned holes in primitive skulls?
They were performed at different times
Who established the first department of psychiatry at the University of Pennsylvania?
Benjamin Rush
What is an example of an early idea about the causes of mental illness?
An imbalance of bodily fluids
What is a common characteristic of early treatments for mental illness?
They were often inhumane and dangerous
What is the estimated age of the archeological findings related to trepanning?
6,500 BC
What is implied by the fact that some patients underwent trepanning multiple times?
The treatment was not effective
Which psychiatrist is considered the 'father of modern psychiatry'?
Philippe Pinel
What percentage of prison inmates have a diagnosable mental illness?
64%
What is the primary focus of the DSM?
Establishing diagnostic criteria for mental health diagnoses
What is the name of the first classification system for operationalizing normal from abnormal behavior?
Pinel's Classification System
What is one of the limitations of using statistical rarity to define abnormality?
It does not provide a uniform definition of abnormality
What is the term used to describe the 'cause' of a disorder?
Etiology
How many specific mental health diagnoses are recognized by the DSM?
More than 300
What is the problem with using personal distress as a definition of abnormality?
It assumes that which does not feel good must be explained as being abnormal
What is the primary weakness of the DSM?
Its lack of theoretical foundation
What is the issue with using social norms to define abnormality?
It does not account for cultural differences
What is the term used to describe behaviors that occur infrequently in the human population?
Statistical rarity
What is the consequence of defining abnormality based on statistical rarity?
It leads to a lack of uniformity in defining abnormality
What is the problem with using a definition of abnormality that involves social norms?
It absorbs ideas of power and inequity
What is the range of IQ scores that encompasses about 95% of the population?
70-130
What is the limitation of using a definition of abnormality based on personal distress?
It assumes that which does not feel good must be explained as being abnormal
What is the term used to describe Pinel's approach to treating mental illness?
Moral therapy
What is the issue with using a definition of abnormality based on statistical rarity?
It does not provide a uniform definition of abnormality
What is the consequence of defining abnormality based on social norms?
It results in a lack of cultural diffusion
What is the issue with using a definition of abnormality that involves personal distress?
It fails to apply consistency to the phenomenon
What is the limitation of using a definition of abnormality based on social norms?
It lacks cultural diffusion
What is the primary challenge in defining normal and abnormal behavior?
Assuming people always need to be functioning
What is the main purpose of the World Health Organization Daily Activities Schedule (WHODAS)?
To measure the impact of symptoms on daily functioning
What is the relationship between mental health and work productivity?
Mental health needs to be balanced within the context of work productivity
What is the main limitation of using functioning as a means of defining normal and abnormal behavior?
It assumes people always need to be functioning
What is the primary challenge that psychologists face in operationalizing the concept of normal and abnormal behavior?
Contextualizing human behavior within the context of human lives
What is the main goal of developing theoretical orientations in psychology?
To organize explanations for human thinking, behaving, and feeling
What is the primary benefit of using the WHODAS to assess functioning?
It offers a more objective analysis of functioning
What is the main challenge in distinguishing between normal and abnormal behavior?
The blurring of concepts such as morality and deviance
What is the relationship between an individual's inner world and their behavior?
The inner world tangles with human lives as they intersect
What is the primary purpose of developing measures of functioning in psychology?
To assess the impact of symptoms on daily functioning
Explore the earliest forms of treatment for mental illness, dating back to 6,500 BC, including the primitive practice of trepanning. Discover how ancient civilizations attempted to cure mental health issues through psychosurgery. Test your knowledge of the history of abnormal psychology!
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