CH 2: Abnormal Meiosis
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Questions and Answers

What is the consequence of non-disjunction during meiosis?

  • Gametes with an abnormal number of chromosomes (correct)
  • Enhanced cognitive abilities in offspring
  • Improved hearing in offspring
  • Increased muscle tone in offspring
  • Which chromosome abnormality can result in Down Syndrome?

  • Extra copy of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21) (correct)
  • Additional copy of chromosome 1
  • Extra copy of chromosome 23
  • Missing chromosome 21
  • Why are older parents advised to undergo prenatal testing like amniocentesis?

  • To predict the gender of the baby accurately
  • To check if the baby will be left-handed or right-handed
  • To detect chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus due to increased risk from non-disjunction (correct)
  • To determine the eye color of the baby
  • What characteristic distinguishes individuals with Down Syndrome?

    <p>Distinct facial features</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does non-disjunction lead to Down Syndrome?

    <p>By resulting in gametes with an extra copy of chromosome 21</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of non-disjunction during Anaphase II?

    <p>Gametes with an abnormal number of chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of chromosome mutation can lead to Down Syndrome?

    <p>Non-disjunction of chromosome pair 21</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are older parents, especially mothers, advised to undergo prenatal testing?

    <p>To identify chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What genetic condition is characterized by an extra chromosome 21?

    <p>Down Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does non-disjunction contribute to the likelihood of Down Syndrome?

    <p>By increasing the chances of abnormal gametes combining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What specific maternal age factor increases the likelihood of non-disjunction?

    <p>35</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are older parents advised to undergo prenatal testing like amniocentesis?

    <p>To detect chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of individuals with Down Syndrome?

    <p>Distinct facial features</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specific error known as non-disjunction in meiosis?

    <p>Failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during Anaphase II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many chromosomes are present in a gamete resulting from non-disjunction of chromosome pair 21?

    <p>24 chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the genetic condition resulting from an extra copy of chromosome 21?

    <p>Down Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In humans, which parental age factor increases the likelihood of non-disjunction?

    <p>Mother's age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome when an abnormal gamete (with 24 chromosomes) fuses with a normal gamete (with 23 chromosomes)?

    <p>Resulting zygote with 47 chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What specific phase of meiosis does non-disjunction primarily occur in?

    <p>Anaphase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of non-disjunction during Anaphase I?

    <p>An extra chromosome in each daughter cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of testing is recommended for older parents to detect chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus?

    <p>Amniocentesis procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

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