Abdominal Quadrants and Liver Anatomy

Questions and Answers

Name the four abdominal quadrants

Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ), Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ), Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ), Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)

Which quadrant is the liver located?

Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)

Name the nine abdominal regions.

Right Hypochondrium, Epigastrium, Left Hypochondrium, Right Lumbar Region, Umbilical Region, Left Lumbar Region, Right Iliac Fossa, Hypogastrium, Left Iliac Fossa

Which region is the liver located?

Right Hypochondrium, Epigastrium, Left Hypochondrium Signup and view all the answers

The liver lies ____ to the diaphragm.

Inferior Signup and view all the answers

Name the two coverings of the liver.

Peritoneum, Glisson capsule Signup and view all the answers

The Peritoneum is a ____ layer covering the liver.

Double Signup and view all the answers

The _____ area is one area that doesn't have peritoneum.

Bare Signup and view all the answers

What is the Glisson capsule?

Fibroelastic connective tissue covering the liver, Collagenous, Responsible for reflective properties of the liver Signup and view all the answers

The liver is the _____ organ in the body.

Largest Signup and view all the answers

The liver lies _____ to the diaphragm.

Inferior Signup and view all the answers

What are 5 primary functions of the liver?

Produces and excretes bile, Metabolizes fats, proteins, carbs, Activates enzymes, Stores glycogen, vitamins, minerals, Detoxifies and purifies blood Signup and view all the answers

The liver is made up of many __ _, which are hexagonal in shape and consist of hepatocytes.

Hepatic lobules Signup and view all the answers

Hepatocytes produce ______.

Bile Signup and view all the answers

Hepatic lobules contain _____ veins in the middle.

Central Signup and view all the answers

Hepatic lobules contain along each of its 6 sides.

Portal triads Signup and view all the answers

How many lobes does the liver have? Name each.

4: Right lobe, Left lobe, Caudate lobe, Quadrate lobe Signup and view all the answers

What divides the Right and Left lobes?

The Falciform Ligament, Middle Hepatic Vein, Main Lobar Fissure Signup and view all the answers

Anatomically the caudate and quadrate lobes belong to the _____ lobe of the liver.

Right Signup and view all the answers

Functionally the caudate and quadrate lobes belong to the ____ lobe of the liver.

Left Signup and view all the answers

The Right lobe is the ____ of the four lobes.

Largest Signup and view all the answers

The Right lobe occupies the or .

Right Upper Quadrant, Right Hypochondrium Signup and view all the answers

Reidel's lobe is an _____ extension of the Right posterior lobe.

Inferior Signup and view all the answers

The Left lobe lies in the _ region and left _ regions.

Epigastric, Hypochondrium Signup and view all the answers

The Caudate lobe is in the _____ surface of the liver.

Posterior Signup and view all the answers

The Caudate lobe sits next to the _____.

IVC Signup and view all the answers

The Caudate lobe comes from the Latin word meaning _____.

Tail Signup and view all the answers

The Quadrate lobe is in the _____ surface of the liver.

Inferior Signup and view all the answers

The Quadrate lobe sits next to the _____.

Gallbladder Signup and view all the answers

The four lobes of the liver are divided into _ and segments.

Intersegmental, Intrasegmental Signup and view all the answers

The Intersegmental Segment ______.

Separate Signup and view all the answers

The Intrasegmental Segment ______.

Invades Signup and view all the answers

What are fissures?

Natural grooves or divisions of an organ. Signup and view all the answers

The right intersegmental fissure divides the right lobe of the liver into an and a _ segment.

Anterior, Posterior Signup and view all the answers

The left intersegmental fissure divides the left lobe of the liver into a _ and a _ segment.

Medial, Lateral Signup and view all the answers

The Main Lobar Fissure divides the _ and _ lobes of the liver.

Right, Left Signup and view all the answers

It appears as a thin hypoechoic line from the _ vein to the _.

Portal, Gallbladder Signup and view all the answers

The Ligamentum Venosum separates the _ lobe from the _ lobe.

Left, Caudate Signup and view all the answers

The Coronary Ligaments attach the _ to the _.

Liver, Diaphragm Signup and view all the answers

The Right and Left Triangular Ligaments attach the _ and _ borders to the diaphragm.

Right, Left Signup and view all the answers

Ligaments are of white fibrous tissue, or of peritoneal covering that aid in _ organs in place.

Bands, Folds, Holding Signup and view all the answers

Name the ligaments related to the liver.

Falciform Ligament, Ligamentum Teres, Ligamentum Venosum, Coronary Ligaments, Right and Left Triangular Ligaments Signup and view all the answers

The Falciform Ligament extends from the ___ to the _ and contains the _ ___.

Umbilicus, Diaphragm, Ligamentum Teres Signup and view all the answers

It divides the _ and _ lobes of the liver.

Right, Left Signup and view all the answers

The Ligamentum Teres (umbilical vein) divides the ___ and _ segments of the ___ lobe of the liver.

Medial, Lateral, Left Signup and view all the answers

The Ligamentum Venosum (ductus venosus) separates the _ lobe from the _ lobe of the liver.

Left, Caudate Signup and view all the answers

The Coronary Ligaments attach the liver to the _____.

Diaphragm Signup and view all the answers

The Right and Left Triangular Ligaments attach the ___ and _ borders of the liver to the ___.

Right, Left, Diaphragm Signup and view all the answers

Name the three Hepatic Veins.

Right Hepatic Vein, Middle Hepatic Vein, Left Hepatic Vein Signup and view all the answers

The right, middle, and left hepatic veins drain blood from the liver to the _ and are best visualized in _.

IVC, Transverse Signup and view all the answers

The right hepatic vein is the _____ of the three hepatic veins.

Largest Signup and view all the answers

It divides the right lobe of the liver into _ and segments.

Anterior, Posterior Signup and view all the answers

The right hepatic vein is located in the right _____ fissure.

Intersegmental Signup and view all the answers

The middle hepatic vein divides the liver into _ and lobes.

Right, Left Signup and view all the answers

The middle hepatic vein is located in the _ _ fissure.

Main lobar Signup and view all the answers

The left hepatic vein divides the left lobe of the liver into and segments.

Medial, Lateral Signup and view all the answers

The left hepatic vein is located in the left _____ fissure.

Intersegmental Signup and view all the answers

The liver receives double blood supply.

True Signup and view all the answers

The hepatic arterial blood is _____ rich.

Oxygen Signup and view all the answers

The portal venous blood is _____ rich.

Nutrient Signup and view all the answers

The hepatic portal vein is a blood vessel that conducts blood from the _ tract and _ to the liver.

GI, Spleen Signup and view all the answers

The liver receives about _____ percent of its blood through the hepatic portal vein.

75% Signup and view all the answers

The remaining percent comes from the hepatic _____ proper.

Artery Signup and view all the answers

Portal veins become _____ as they progress through the liver.

Smaller Signup and view all the answers

Portal veins supply 1/2 of _____ to the liver.

Oxygen Signup and view all the answers

Every liver sonogram should include:

Liver size, liver texture, echogenicity, contour, hepatic vascular structures, ligaments, and fissures Signup and view all the answers

Name the Parenchymal Organ Echogenicities from lowest to highest.

Renal medulla, Renal cortex, Liver, Spleen, Pancreas, Renal sinus/retro fat Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Abdominal Quadrants and Liver Regions

Four abdominal quadrants: Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ), Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ), Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ), Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ).
Liver's primary location is in the Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ).
Nine abdominal regions: Right Hypochondrium, Epigastrium, Left Hypochondrium, Right Lumbar Region, Umbilical Region, Left Lumbar Region, Right Iliac Fossa, Hypogastrium, Left Iliac Fossa.
The liver also spans the Right Hypochondrium, Left Hypochondrium, and Epigastric regions.

Liver Anatomy

The liver lies inferior to the diaphragm and covers it like a shawl.
The liver is the largest organ in the body and sits inferior to the diaphragm.
Two coverings of the liver: Peritoneum (double layer) and Glisson capsule (fibroelastic connective tissue).

Peritoneum and Other Structures

The visceral layer of the peritoneum contacts the liver, while the parietal layer touches the abdominal wall.
The liver has a "bare area" without peritoneum exposure.
Glisson capsule provides the liver with reflective properties.

Liver Lobes

The liver consists of four lobes: Right lobe, Left lobe, Caudate lobe, and Quadrate lobe.
The Falciform Ligament, Middle Hepatic Vein, and Main Lobar Fissure delineate the Right and Left lobes.
Caudate and Quadrate lobes: Anatomically part of the Right lobe, functionally belong to the Left lobe.

Liver Functionality

The Right lobe is the largest, occupies the Right Upper Quadrant and Right Hypochondrium.
Reidels lobe is an inferior extension of the Right lobe and presents as a bulge of tissue.
The Left lobe is located in the Epigastric and Left Hypochondrium regions.

Hepatic Lobules and Blood Supply

Hepatic lobules are hexagonal structures made of hepatocytes, which produce bile.
Each lobule contains central veins and portal triads (bile duct, hepatic portal vein, hepatic artery).
The liver receives blood supply from two sources: hepatic artery (oxygen-rich) and hepatic portal vein (nutrient-rich).

Important ligaments: Falciform Ligament, Ligamentum Teres, Ligamentum Venosum, Coronary Ligaments, Right and Left Triangular Ligaments.
The Falciform Ligament extends from the umbilicus to the diaphragm and contains the Ligamentum Teres.

Segmental Division of the Liver

Liver lobes are segmented into intersegmental (separate) and intrasegmental (invades) divisions.
Intersegmental fissures divide lobes into anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral sections.

Imaging and Echogenicity

Liver sonograms should assess size, texture, echogenicity, contour, and vascular structures.
Parenchymal organ echogenicity ranked from lowest to highest includes renal medulla, renal cortex, liver, spleen, pancreas, and renal sinus/retro fat.

Hepatic Veins

Three hepatic veins: Right, Middle, and Left Hepatic Vein.
Right hepatic vein is the largest, dividing the right lobe into anterior and posterior segments.
Middle and Left hepatic veins further divide the liver into distinct lobe sections.

Functional Importance of the Liver

The liver performs over 500 functions including bile production, metabolism of nutrients, enzyme activation, storage of glycogen and vitamins, and blood detoxification.

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Description

Test your knowledge on abdominal quadrants, liver regions, and liver anatomy. This quiz covers the four main quadrants, the liver's location, and its protective coverings. Challenge yourself and enhance your understanding of human anatomy.

Abdominal Quadrants and Liver Anatomy

Questions and Answers

Name the four abdominal quadrants

Which quadrant is the liver located?

Name the nine abdominal regions.

Which region is the liver located?

The liver lies ____ to the diaphragm.

Name the two coverings of the liver.

The Peritoneum is a ____ layer covering the liver.

The _____ area is one area that doesn't have peritoneum.

What is the Glisson capsule?

The liver is the _____ organ in the body.

The liver lies _____ to the diaphragm.

What are 5 primary functions of the liver?

The liver is made up of many ______ _____, which are hexagonal in shape and consist of hepatocytes.

Hepatocytes produce ______.

Hepatic lobules contain _____ veins in the middle.

Hepatic lobules contain ____ ____ along each of its 6 sides.

How many lobes does the liver have? Name each.

What divides the Right and Left lobes?

Anatomically the caudate and quadrate lobes belong to the _____ lobe of the liver.

Functionally the caudate and quadrate lobes belong to the ____ lobe of the liver.

The Right lobe is the ____ of the four lobes.

The Right lobe occupies the ____ ____ ____ or ____ ____.

Reidel's lobe is an _____ extension of the Right posterior lobe.

The Left lobe lies in the _____ region and left _____ regions.

The Caudate lobe is in the _____ surface of the liver.

The Caudate lobe sits next to the _____.

The Caudate lobe comes from the Latin word meaning _____.

The Quadrate lobe is in the _____ surface of the liver.

The Quadrate lobe sits next to the _____.

The four lobes of the liver are divided into _____ and ____ segments.

The Intersegmental Segment ______.

The Intrasegmental Segment ______.

What are fissures?

The right intersegmental fissure divides the right lobe of the liver into an ____ and a _____ segment.

The left intersegmental fissure divides the left lobe of the liver into a _____ and a _____ segment.

The Main Lobar Fissure divides the _____ and _____ lobes of the liver.

It appears as a thin hypoechoic line from the _____ vein to the _____.

The Ligamentum Venosum separates the _____ lobe from the _____ lobe.

The Coronary Ligaments attach the _____ to the _____.

The Right and Left Triangular Ligaments attach the _____ and _____ borders to the diaphragm.

Ligaments are ____ of white fibrous tissue, or ____ of peritoneal covering that aid in _____ organs in place.

Name the ligaments related to the liver.

The Falciform Ligament extends from the _____ to the _____ and contains the _____ _____.

It divides the _____ and _____ lobes of the liver.

The Ligamentum Teres (umbilical vein) divides the _____ and _____ segments of the _____ lobe of the liver.

The Ligamentum Venosum (ductus venosus) separates the _____ lobe from the _____ lobe of the liver.

The Coronary Ligaments attach the liver to the _____.

The Right and Left Triangular Ligaments attach the _____ and _____ borders of the liver to the _____.

Name the three Hepatic Veins.

The right, middle, and left hepatic veins drain blood from the liver to the _____ and are best visualized in _____.

The right hepatic vein is the _____ of the three hepatic veins.

It divides the right lobe of the liver into _____ and ____ segments.

The right hepatic vein is located in the right _____ fissure.

The middle hepatic vein divides the liver into _____ and ____ lobes.

The middle hepatic vein is located in the _____ _____ fissure.

The left hepatic vein divides the left lobe of the liver into ____ and ____ segments.

The left hepatic vein is located in the left _____ fissure.

The liver receives double blood supply.

The hepatic arterial blood is _____ rich.

The portal venous blood is _____ rich.

The hepatic portal vein is a blood vessel that conducts blood from the _____ tract and _____ to the liver.

The liver receives about _____ percent of its blood through the hepatic portal vein.

The remaining percent comes from the hepatic _____ proper.

Portal veins become _____ as they progress through the liver.

Portal veins supply 1/2 of _____ to the liver.

Every liver sonogram should include:

Name the Parenchymal Organ Echogenicities from lowest to highest.

Study Notes

Abdominal Quadrants and Liver Regions

Liver Anatomy

Peritoneum and Other Structures

Liver Lobes

Liver Functionality

Hepatic Lobules and Blood Supply

Ligaments Related to the Liver

Segmental Division of the Liver

Imaging and Echogenicity

Hepatic Veins

The liver is made up of many __ _, which are hexagonal in shape and consist of hepatocytes.

Hepatic lobules contain along each of its 6 sides.

The Right lobe occupies the or .

The Left lobe lies in the _ region and left _ regions.

The four lobes of the liver are divided into _ and segments.

The right intersegmental fissure divides the right lobe of the liver into an and a _ segment.

The left intersegmental fissure divides the left lobe of the liver into a _ and a _ segment.

The Main Lobar Fissure divides the _ and _ lobes of the liver.

It appears as a thin hypoechoic line from the _ vein to the _.

The Ligamentum Venosum separates the _ lobe from the _ lobe.

The Coronary Ligaments attach the _ to the _.

The Right and Left Triangular Ligaments attach the _ and _ borders to the diaphragm.

Ligaments are of white fibrous tissue, or of peritoneal covering that aid in _ organs in place.

The Falciform Ligament extends from the ___ to the _ and contains the _ ___.

It divides the _ and _ lobes of the liver.

The Ligamentum Teres (umbilical vein) divides the ___ and _ segments of the ___ lobe of the liver.

The Ligamentum Venosum (ductus venosus) separates the _ lobe from the _ lobe of the liver.

The Right and Left Triangular Ligaments attach the ___ and _ borders of the liver to the ___.

The right, middle, and left hepatic veins drain blood from the liver to the _ and are best visualized in _.

It divides the right lobe of the liver into _ and segments.

The middle hepatic vein divides the liver into _ and lobes.

The middle hepatic vein is located in the _ _ fissure.

The left hepatic vein divides the left lobe of the liver into and segments.

The hepatic portal vein is a blood vessel that conducts blood from the _ tract and _ to the liver.