ABA Final: Promoting Generalization Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What are the components of generality of behavior change?

  • Stimulus generalization
  • Response generalization
  • Maintenance
  • All of the above (correct)

    • What is stimulus generalization?

    The target behavior occurs in all relevant circumstances and outside of the training session.

    What does response generalization involve?

    Change in the target behavior results in change in other relevant behaviors.

    What is meant by maintenance in behavior change?

    <p>Target behavior continues to occur in relevant situations after training.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are examples of promoting generalization?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be considered when planning for generalizing behavior change?

    <p>Naturally existing contingencies, list of behaviors that need to be changed, and settings where target behavior should occur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What strategies can be used to promote generalization?

    <p>Reinforce instances of generalization, train skills in natural contingencies, and incorporate relevant stimulus situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is reinforcing instances of generalization important?

    <p>It ensures that skills learned in training are applied in natural settings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can skills that contact natural contingencies of reinforcement be taught?

    <p>By analyzing natural contingencies, training skills that work for the learner, and teaching them to solicit reinforcement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of modifying contingencies of reinforcement and punishment in the natural environment?

    <p>To have some control over the natural contingencies encountered by the learner.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does incorporating a variety of relevant stimulus situations in training aim to achieve?

    <p>To sample all relevant discriminative stimuli (SDs) for the target behavior, train sufficient exemplars, and support generalization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do common stimuli play in the generalization process?

    <p>They ensure that stimuli from training maintain control over the target behavior in the natural environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does teaching a range of functionally equivalent responses help generalization?

    <p>It increases the chances of a successful response to a novel or difficult situation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of providing cues in the natural environment?

    <p>To recruit others to provide cues or prompts for desired behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are self-generated mediators of generalization?

    <p>Self-instructions or other behaviors that help prompt the desired behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What categories of generalization strategies exist?

    <p>Procedures focused on reinforcement contingencies, stimulus control, and functional equivalence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do procedures focused on reinforcement contingencies involve?

    <p>Reinforcing instances of generalization, training skills that contact natural contingencies, and modifying contingencies in the natural environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitutes procedures focused on stimulus control?

    <p>Incorporating a variety of relevant stimulus situations, common stimuli, providing cues, and self-generated mediators.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the procedures focused on functional equivalence entail?

    <p>Teaching a range of functionally equivalent responses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What guidelines should be followed for prompting generalization?

    <p>Identify target skills, determine contexts, plan training, specify settings, incorporate strategies for generalization, and assess generalization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is in situ assessment?

    <p>Assessment of skills in the natural environment without the person's knowledge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the indicators of successful treatment for problem behaviors?

    <p>Reduction in problem behavior, increase in alternative behaviors, generalization of behavior changes, and increase in positive reinforcement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What guidelines are essential for achieving generalized reductions in problem behaviors?

    <p>Conduct functional assessment, utilize functional interventions, plan for generalization in advance, and maintain extinction or punishment contingencies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Generality of Behavior Change

    • Comprises stimulus generalization, response generalization, and maintenance.
    • Ensures behavior changes are applicable across different settings and over time.

    Stimulus Generalization

    • Occurrence of target behavior in various relevant circumstances.
    • Target behavior extends beyond training sessions.

    Response Generalization

    • Change in the target behavior leads to alterations in other relevant behaviors.

    Maintenance

    • Continued occurrence of the target behavior in relevant situations after training ends.

    Examples of Promoting Generalization

    • Teaching assertiveness skills, enhancing social skills in children with autism, and soccer offensive strategies.

    Planning for Generalizing Behavior Change

    • Identify naturally occurring contingencies and list behaviors needing change.
    • Determine settings and situations where target behaviors should or shouldn't occur.

    Strategies to Promote Generalization

    • Reinforce instances of generalization and train skills that align with natural reinforcement contingencies.
    • Modify reinforcement and punishment in natural environments.
    • Use diverse relevant stimulus situations in training and incorporate common stimuli.
    • Teach a variety of functionally equivalent responses and provide cues in natural environments.
    • Use self-generated mediators to aid in generalization.

    Reinforcing Instances of Generalization

    • Conduct training in the target situation with alignment between training and natural environments.

    Training Skills for Natural Contingencies

    • Analyze natural contingencies, train effective skills for learners, and equip learners to solicit reinforcement.

    Modifying Natural Contingencies

    • Gain control over natural reinforcement and punishment settings, especially in educational or residential contexts.

    Variety of Relevant Stimulus Situations

    • Sample all relevant discriminative stimuli (SDs) and use general case programming by training a broad range of exemplars.

    Incorporating Common Stimuli

    • Ensure training stimuli have control over target behavior in natural environments; may involve people or physical aspects.

    Teaching Functionally Equivalent Responses

    • Increases the likelihood of adaptive responses in new or challenging situations.

    Providing Cues in Natural Environment

    • Recruit others to offer prompts, which may involve response or stimulus prompts.

    Self-Generated Mediators of Generalization

    • Encourage behaviors like self-instructions to generate personal cues or prompts.

    Categories of Generalization Strategies

    • Focus on reinforcement contingencies, stimulus control, and functional equivalence.

    Procedures Focused on Reinforcement Contingencies

    • Include reinforcing generalization instances, training relevant skills, and modifying natural reinforcement environments.

    Procedures Focused on Stimulus Control

    • Incorporate varied stimulus situations, common stimuli, cues, and self-generated mediators.

    Procedures Focused on Functional Equivalence

    • Emphasize teaching various functionally equivalent responses.

    Guidelines for Prompting Generalization

    • Identify target skills, contexts for skills, training methods, settings for training, strategies to promote generalization, and assessment methods.

    In Situ Assessment

    • Evaluate skills in natural settings covertly for accurate measurement of generalization.

    Indicators of Successful Treatment for Problem Behaviors

    • Reduction of problem behaviors, increased desirable alternatives, behavior change generalization, and enhanced quality or quantity of positive reinforcement.

    Guidelines for Generalized Reductions in Problem Behaviors

    • Implement functional assessments, functional interventions, advance planning for generalization, focus on alternative behaviors, and maintain consistent extinction or punishment across various situations.

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    Description

    This quiz focuses on essential concepts related to the generalization of behavior change in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA). Key terms such as stimulus and response generalization are explored, along with their definitions. Perfect for students preparing for their ABA final exam.

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