RAD 103 Final review questions from class 3/20

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the ethical principle of autonomy in the context of patient care?

  • Treating all patients fairly and equally, regardless of their background.
  • Avoiding any action that could potentially harm the patient.
  • Respecting a patient's right to make their own decisions about their medical treatment. (correct)
  • Ensuring that the benefits of a procedure outweigh the risks.

A technologist receives a request to perform a procedure on a patient who appears unsure and hesitant. What is the MOST appropriate next step?

  • Administer a mild sedative to calm the patient's nerves before beginning.
  • Ask a family member to convince the patient to undergo the procedure.
  • Proceed with the procedure as ordered by the physician to avoid delays.
  • Explain the procedure in detail, ensuring the patient understands the risks and benefits before proceeding. (correct)

After a portable chest X-ray, a technologist fails to replace the side rail on a patient's bed, and the patient falls. This scenario is an example of:

  • False imprisonment.
  • Defamation.
  • Negligence. (correct)
  • Battery.

A patient expresses that they no longer want to continue with a radiographic examination after signing the consent form. What is the technologist's responsibility?

<p>Immediately stop the procedure and inform the referring physician of the patient's decision. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the collimator assembly attached to the x-ray tube?

<p>To restrict the size and shape of the x-ray beam, reducing patient exposure. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organization is responsible for accrediting radiology technology programs, ensuring they meet specific educational standards?

<p>JRCERT (Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology). (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a technologist makes a verbal remark about a patient's medical condition that is untrue and damaging to the patient's reputation, this could be considered:

<p>Slander. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A technologist is asked to perform a duty that they are not trained to do. What is their BEST course of action?

<p>Refuse to perform the duty, explaining that they are not qualified and could potentially harm the patient. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a grid in radiographic imaging?

<p>To absorb scatter radiation before it reaches the image receptor. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following imaging modalities does NOT use ionizing radiation to create an image?

<p>Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The vertebral prominence corresponds to which anatomical level?

<p>C7-T1. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard length of the exposure cord on a mobile radiographic unit designed to protect the radiographer?

<p>6 feet (approximately 183 cm). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Following successful completion of the ARRT examination in radiography, what professional initials may a radiographer use?

<p>R.T.(R). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the situation when a hospital is held responsible for the negligent actions of its employees?

<p>Respondeat Superior. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which control on the imaging workstation would you adjust to primarily change the brightness of a digital image?

<p>Window level. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Deadman’s switch?

<p>Continuous pressure on the exposure switch (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two parts of flat panel systems? (Select all that apply)

<p>Indirect and Direct (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is expressed consent?

<p>Verbal, head nodding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organization accredits radiology schools? (Select one)

<p>JRCERT (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the sole of the foot called?

<p>Plantar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for angled towards the head?

<p>Cephalad (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who determines/establishes laws?

<p>Legislative/government (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for angled towards the feet? (Choose the correct option)

<p>Caudad (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does autonomy refer to?

<p>Freedom of choice (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many attempts are allowed to take the exam?

<p>3 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the positive side of the x-ray tube called?

<p>Anode (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the negative side of the x-ray tube called?

<p>Cathode (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many competencies are needed in total?

<p>56 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many competencies are mandatory?

<p>36 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many competencies are elective?

<p>15 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'respondeat superior' mean?

<p>Let the master speak (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indirect supervision?

<p>Supervisor is not physically present but available for guidance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is direct supervision?

<p>Supervisor is physically present and directly overseeing the procedure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required when moving to another state for work?

<p>State licensure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what speed do x-rays travel?

<p>Speed of light (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Newton measure?

<p>Force (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does didactic learning take place?

<p>In the classroom/lab (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main forms of consent? (Select one)

<p>Implied and informed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is implied consent?

<p>Consent inferred from actions or circumstances (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is informed consent?

<p>Consent given with full knowledge of the risks and benefits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the body's reaction to stress known as?

<p>Fight or flight (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What device is used to reduce scatter radiation?

<p>Grid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What initials are used after passing the ARRT exam?

<p>R.T.R (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What measures bone density? (Select one)

<p>DEXA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of TORT?

<p>Intentional and unintentional (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is it called when a former student sells exam information?

<p>Subversion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many pilot questions are on the ARRT exam?

<p>30 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many questions are on the ARRT exam?

<p>230 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organization accredits hospitals?

<p>The Joint Commission (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of consent is required before surgery or procedures?

<p>Timeout consent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is radiation that strikes the IR called?

<p>Remnant radiation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many attempts are allowed for the ARRT Exam?

<p>3 attempts in 3 years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two methods of flat panel imaging?

<p>Direct and indirect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a patient changes their mind after signing consent? (Select one)

<p>Stop immediately and inform the Doctor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What material is the X-ray tube made of?

<p>Pyrex glass (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is mobile fluoroscopy known as?

<p>C-ARM (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What material is the stem of the anode made of?

<p>Molybdenum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton?

<p>126 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the midsagittal plane do?

<p>Divides the body into equal halves (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the landmark at the L4-L5 region? (Select one option)

<p>Superior aspect of the iliac crest (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the anatomical position, how are the palms facing?

<p>Forward (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for radiation therapy?

<p>Radiation oncology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the certification organization for radiologic technologists?

<p>ARRT (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of radiation has no use in x-ray imaging? (Select one)

<p>Scattered radiation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is heat transfer known as? (Select one option)

<p>Thermal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of digital imaging?

<p>CR and DR (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which modalities do not use ionization?

<p>MRI and Sonography (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does "do not harm" refer to?

<p>Nonmaleficence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is located at the C7/T1 region?

<p>Vertebral prominence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many bones are in the adult skeleton?

<p>206 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does "res ipsa loquitur" mean?

<p>The thing speaks for itself (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is false imprisonment in a medical context?

<p>When a patient wants to leave but you won't let them (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered assault in a medical context?

<p>Threatening the patient verbally or nonverbally (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a type of verbal consent? (Select one)

<p>Talking on the phone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is learning in class/lab demonstrated? (Select the correct option)

<p>Clinical settings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which field uses gamma radiation?

<p>Nuclear medicine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is vicarious liability also known as?

<p>Respondent superior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often must CE credits be submitted?

<p>Every 2 years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ASRT stand for?

<p>American Society of Radiologic Technologists (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the collimator assembly?

<p>Restricts the beam (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for posterior?

<p>Dorsal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When was the X-ray discovered?

<p>November 8th, 1895 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Through what does the X-ray leave the tube?

<p>Window (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outermost shell of an electron called?

<p>Valence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cascade effect?

<p>A series of events triggered by an initial event (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organs are located in the pelvic cavity?

<p>Bladder and rectum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of defamation?

<p>Slander and libel (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can voluntary motion be controlled during imaging? (Select one)

<p>Communication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does window width control in imaging?

<p>Contrast (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does window level control in imaging? (Select the correct answer)

<p>Brightness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the grid located in radiographic imaging?

<p>Between the patient and the IR (Image Receptor) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of distortion in imaging?

<p>Size and shape (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard length of an exposure cord?

<p>6ft, or 2 meters, or 183 cm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the transverse plane do?

<p>Divides the body into upper and lower parts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for the coronal plane?

<p>Frontal plane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the oblique plane?

<p>A plane that divides the body at an angle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of body planes in anatomy?

<p>To provide a reference for anatomical studies and medical imaging (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sarah is scheduled for a minor surgery. Before the procedure, the doctor explains the risks and benefits and asks Sarah to sign a consent form. What type of consent is Sarah providing by signing the form?

<p>Informed Consent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

John arrives at the emergency room unconscious after a car accident. The medical team begins treatment immediately. What type of consent is being utilized in this situation?

<p>Implied Consent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse asks a patient if it's okay to take their blood pressure, and the patient verbally agrees. What type of consent is the patient providing?

<p>Verbal Consent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During an emergency, a doctor explains a necessary procedure to a conscious patient and asks if they agree to proceed. The patient says "yes." What type of consent is this an example of?

<p>Oral Consent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A doctor explains the need for an MRI to a patient and asks if they agree to the test. The patient responds affirmatively. What type of consent is this?

<p>Oral Consent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Deadman's switch

Requires continuous pressure on the exposure switch to activate the x-ray beam.

Expressed consent

Verbal agreement or head nodding indicating agreement to a procedure.

Cephalad

Angled towards the head.

Caudad

Angled towards the foot.

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Autonomy

The principle that patients have the right to make their own decisions about their medical care.

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Anode

The positive electrode in an x-ray tube, attracting electrons.

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Cathode

The negative electrode in an x-ray tube, emitting electrons.

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Respondent superior

A legal doctrine where an employer is held responsible for the actions of their employees.

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Direct supervision

Supervision where the supervisor is physically present and directly overseeing the procedure.

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Indirect supervision

Supervision where the supervisor is not physically present but is available for guidance.

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Implied consent

Consent inferred from actions or circumstances.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Informed consent

Consent given with full knowledge of the risks and benefits.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Grid

A device used to absorb scatter radiation before it reaches the image receptor.

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Remnant radiation

The radiation that exits the patient and strikes the image receptor.

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Unintentional TORT

A type of tort involving harm caused by unintentional actions, like negligence.

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Study Notes

  • A deadman’s switch requires continuous pressure on the exposure switch.
  • Computed Radiography (CR) and Digital Radiography (DR) make up the two parts of flat panel systems.
  • Verbal agreement or head nodding is a form of expressed consent.
  • The Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology (JRCERT) accredits radiology schools.
  • The sole of the foot is referred to as the plantar surface.
  • Angling towards the head is cephalad, while angling toward the foot is caudad.
  • Laws are determined and established by the legislative or government branch.
  • Freedom of choice is referred to as autonomy.
  • There are 3 attempts allowed to pass the ARRT exam.
  • The anode is the positive side of the x-ray tube.
  • The cathode is the negative side of the x-ray tube.
  • Competencies needed to pass: 36 mandatory, 15 elective, 56 in total.
  • "Let the master speak" is the definition of respondent superior.
  • Indirect supervision means the supervisor isn't physically present but is available for guidance.
  • Direct supervision involves the supervisor being physically present and directly overseeing the procedure.
  • State licensure is required when moving to another state.
  • X-rays travel at the speed of light.
  • Newton is the unit of force.
  • Didactic learning occurs in the classroom or lab.
  • Consent can be given in two forms: implied and informed.
  • Implied consent is inferred from actions or circumstances.
  • Informed consent is given with full knowledge of the risks and benefits.
  • Fight or flight is the body’s reaction to stress.
  • A grid is a device used to reduce scatter radiation.
  • R.T.R (Registered Technologist in Radiography) are the initials after passing the ARRT exam.
  • Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) measures bone density.
  • Intentional and unintentional are the two types of tort.
  • Subversion is when a former student sells exam information.
  • There are 30 pilot questions on the ARRT exam.
  • The ARRT exam contains 230 questions.
  • The Joint Commission is the organization accrediting hospitals.
  • Timeout consent is informed consent, performed before surgery or procedures.
  • Remnant radiation is the radiation striking the Image Receptor (IR).
  • The ARRT Exam allows 3 attempts in 3 years.
  • Indirect and Direct are the two methods of flat panel detectors.
  • If a patient changes their mind after signing consent, stop immediately and inform the Doctor.
  • X-Ray tubes are made of Pyrex glass.
  • Mobile fluoroscopy is performed using a C-ARM.
  • The stem of the anode is made of molybdenum.
  • There are 126 bones in the appendicular skeleton.

Planes of the Body

  • The midsagittal plane divides the body into equal halves.
  • The sagittal plane runs parallel to the medial portion of the body.
  • The superior aspect of the iliac crest is a landmark located at the L4-L5 region.
  • Anatomical position involves the palms facing forward.
  • Radiation oncology is another name for radiation therapy.
  • The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) is a certification organization.
  • Scattered radiation has no use in x-ray.
  • Heat transfer is known as thermal transfer.
  • Computed Radiography (CR) and Digital Radiography (DR) are two types of digital imaging.
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Sonography are modalities not using ionization.
  • Do no harm is nonmaleficence.
  • The vertebral prominence is located at C7/T1.
  • An adult skeleton contains 206 bones.
  • Res ipsa loquitur means the act speaks for itself.
  • False imprisonment occurs when a patient wants to leave but is not allowed to.
  • Assault is threatening the patient verbally or nonverbally.
  • Talking on the phone can be a type of verbal consent.
  • Learning in class/lab is demonstrated in clinical settings.
  • Nuclear medicine uses gamma radiation.
  • Vicarious liability means the hospital is responsible for the employees' actions; also known as respondent superior.
  • Continuing Education (CE) credits must be submitted every 2 years.
  • The American Society of Radiologic Technologists (ASRT) sets practice standards.
  • The collimator assembly restricts the beam.
  • Dorsal is another name for posterior.
  • X-rays were discovered on November 8th, 1895.
  • X-rays leave through the window.
  • Valence is the outermost shell of an electron.
  • A cascade effect is a series of events triggered by an initial event.
  • The bladder and rectum are organs located in the pelvic cavity.
  • Defamation can be Slander (verbal) or Libel (written).
  • Communication is used to control voluntary motion.
  • Window width controls contrast.
  • Window level controls brightness.
  • The grid is located between the patient and the Image Receptor (IR).
  • Size and shape are the two types of distortion.
  • The exposure cord length is 6ft, 2 meters, or 183 cm.

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