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Questions and Answers
Where should the central ray exit when performing the parietocanthial projection of the sinuses open-mouth, waters method?
Where should the central ray exit when performing the parietocanthial projection of the sinuses open-mouth, waters method?
Acanthion
What is dose area product (DAP) determined by fluoroscopic machines equal to?
What is dose area product (DAP) determined by fluoroscopic machines equal to?
Air kerma (Gy) x area of exposure field (cm^2)
Which of these kilovoltage peak (kVp) settings will produce x-ray photons with the shortest wavelength?
Which of these kilovoltage peak (kVp) settings will produce x-ray photons with the shortest wavelength?
- 90 kVp
- 120 kVp (correct)
- 110 kVp
- 100 kVp
Which of the listed x-ray generator types has the least amount of voltage ripple?
Which of the listed x-ray generator types has the least amount of voltage ripple?
What type of joint are the intervertebral articulations considered to be?
What type of joint are the intervertebral articulations considered to be?
How do fluoroscopic units display the radiation quantity used for the procedure?
How do fluoroscopic units display the radiation quantity used for the procedure?
What projection would best demonstrate the splenic flexure and descending colon following the fluoroscopic portion of the lower gastrointestinal study?
What projection would best demonstrate the splenic flexure and descending colon following the fluoroscopic portion of the lower gastrointestinal study?
What effect will imaging an anatomic structure with an increased atomic number have on the occurrence of the photoelectric effect?
What effect will imaging an anatomic structure with an increased atomic number have on the occurrence of the photoelectric effect?
What does the medical abbreviation 'bid' refer to?
What does the medical abbreviation 'bid' refer to?
How can systolic blood pressure be defined?
How can systolic blood pressure be defined?
What patient position would best demonstrate the right sacroiliac joint?
What patient position would best demonstrate the right sacroiliac joint?
What is the name of the anatomic structure that controls the passage of food from the small bowel into the large bowel?
What is the name of the anatomic structure that controls the passage of food from the small bowel into the large bowel?
The ability to produce a high-voltage electrical current in the X-ray tube is accomplished through which of the following devices?
The ability to produce a high-voltage electrical current in the X-ray tube is accomplished through which of the following devices?
In which quadrant of the abdomen is the ileocecal valve primarily located?
In which quadrant of the abdomen is the ileocecal valve primarily located?
How many bones does each foot contain, and what is the breakdown?
How many bones does each foot contain, and what is the breakdown?
What are the causes of loss of latency in an IV?
What are the causes of loss of latency in an IV?
What results from failure to dorsiflex the patient's foot when performing the 45 degree AP medial oblique projection of the ankle?
What results from failure to dorsiflex the patient's foot when performing the 45 degree AP medial oblique projection of the ankle?
What is the normal range of diastolic pressure for an adult?
What is the normal range of diastolic pressure for an adult?
What is the normal range of systolic pressure for an adult?
What is the normal range of systolic pressure for an adult?
In an image intensifier, where does electronic intensification occur when electrons are moved at high speed?
In an image intensifier, where does electronic intensification occur when electrons are moved at high speed?
What is another term for tissue reactions to radiation?
What is another term for tissue reactions to radiation?
What percent decrease in beam intensity results from two half-value layers?
What percent decrease in beam intensity results from two half-value layers?
What is the term for the destruction or alteration of medical records, such as a radiology report, by an unauthorized person?
What is the term for the destruction or alteration of medical records, such as a radiology report, by an unauthorized person?
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Study Notes
Sinuses Projection
- Central ray for parietocanthial projection of the sinuses (open-mouth, Waters method) exits at the acanthion.
Dose Area Product
- Dose area product (DAP) is calculated by multiplying air kerma (Gy) by the area of the exposure field (cm²).
X-ray Photon Wavelength
- The shortest wavelength of x-ray photons is produced by a 120 kVp setting.
X-ray Generators
- Three-phase, twelve-pulse generators exhibit the least voltage ripple compared to other types.
Intervertebral Joints
- Intervertebral articulations are classified as symphysis joints.
Radiation Display in Fluoroscopy
- Fluoroscopic units report radiation quantity as air kerma.
Visualization of Colonic Anatomy
- The left anterior oblique (LAO) abdomen projection is optimal for imaging the splenic flexure and descending colon post-fluoroscopy.
Photoelectric Effect and Atomic Number
- Increased atomic number in anatomical structures heightens the likelihood of the photoelectric effect, resulting in a brighter appearance on radiographs.
Medical Abbreviations
- "Bid" stands for "twice a day."
Systolic Blood Pressure
- Systolic blood pressure indicates the peak pressure during the contraction of the left ventricle.
Sacroiliac Joint Positioning
- A 25-30 degree left posterior oblique (LPO) position best demonstrates the right sacroiliac joint, with reduced object-image distance (OID).
Ileocecal Valve Function
- The ileocecal valve controls food passage from the small bowel to the large bowel and prevents reflux into the ileum.
High-Voltage Current Production
- Transformers are the devices responsible for generating a high-voltage electrical current in the X-ray tube.
Ileocecal Valve Location
- The ileocecal valve is located in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen.
Foot Bone Structure
- Each foot comprises 26 bones: 14 phalanges, 5 metatarsals, and 7 tarsals.
IV Latency Loss Causes
- Improper height of IV solution can cause loss of latency in intravenous (IV) therapy.
Ankle Projection Fault
- Failure to dorsiflex the foot in a 45-degree AP medial oblique ankle projection results in superimposition of the lateral malleolus and calcaneus.
Diastolic Blood Pressure Range
- Normal adult diastolic pressure ranges from 50 to 80 mm Hg.
Systolic Blood Pressure Range
- Normal adult systolic pressure ranges from 95 to 120 mm Hg.
Image Intensifier Function
- In an image intensifier, electronic intensification occurs when electrons move from the photocathode to the output phosphor.
Radiation Tissue Reactions
- Tissue reactions to radiation are termed non-stochastic effects or deterministic effects, with examples including skin erythema, epilation, and cataracts.
Beam Intensity Reduction
- Two half-value layers reduce beam intensity by 75%.
Medical Records Destruction
- Unauthorized destruction or alteration of medical records is termed spoliation.
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