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Questions and Answers
Paper 1 is titled ______ Topics in Psychology
Paper 1 is titled ______ Topics in Psychology
Introductory
There are ______ Assessment Objectives
There are ______ Assessment Objectives
three
AO2 is about the ______ of Knowledge
AO2 is about the ______ of Knowledge
Application
AO3 involves ______, interpreting and evaluating scientific information
AO3 involves ______, interpreting and evaluating scientific information
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Resources are available for ______
Resources are available for ______
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Paper 1 is titled _______ in Psychology
Paper 1 is titled _______ in Psychology
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There are three papers in the _______ section.
There are three papers in the _______ section.
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In application questions, examiners look for “effective application to the ______, ”
In application questions, examiners look for “effective application to the ______, ”
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AO1 is about _______ Knowledge
AO1 is about _______ Knowledge
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Resources are available for ________
Resources are available for ________
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Paper 1 is titled Introductory ______ in Psychology
Paper 1 is titled Introductory ______ in Psychology
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There are three ______ in the Psychology section.
There are three ______ in the Psychology section.
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AO1 is about demonstrating ______ Knowledge
AO1 is about demonstrating ______ Knowledge
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In application questions, examiners look for “effective application to the ______, ”
In application questions, examiners look for “effective application to the ______, ”
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Download PDFs are available for _______ Papers and Mark Schemes
Download PDFs are available for _______ Papers and Mark Schemes
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Compliance refers to instances where a person may agree in public with a group of people, but the person privately disagrees with the group’s viewpoint or ______.
Compliance refers to instances where a person may agree in public with a group of people, but the person privately disagrees with the group’s viewpoint or ______.
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Internalisation occurs when someone conforms to the demands of a group and also privately agrees with ______.
Internalisation occurs when someone conforms to the demands of a group and also privately agrees with ______.
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Identification occurs when someone conforms to the demands of a given ______ role in society.
Identification occurs when someone conforms to the demands of a given ______ role in society.
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Normative social influence is where a person conforms to fit in with the group because they don’t want to appear ______ or be left out.
Normative social influence is where a person conforms to fit in with the group because they don’t want to appear ______ or be left out.
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Normative social influence tends to lead to ______ because the person changes their public behavior but not their private beliefs.
Normative social influence tends to lead to ______ because the person changes their public behavior but not their private beliefs.
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Internalisation is the deepest level of conformity were the beliefs of the group become part of the individual’s own ______ system.
Internalisation is the deepest level of conformity were the beliefs of the group become part of the individual’s own ______ system.
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Zimbardo’s prison study is a good example of ______.
Zimbardo’s prison study is a good example of ______.
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Asch’s Line Study is a study on ______.
Asch’s Line Study is a study on ______.
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Moscovici investigated the importance of ______ in minority influence.
Moscovici investigated the importance of ______ in minority influence.
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Once the minority begin to persuade people round to their way of thinking, a ______ effect begins to happen.
Once the minority begin to persuade people round to their way of thinking, a ______ effect begins to happen.
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The majority opinion then becomes ______, and people have to obey this law.
The majority opinion then becomes ______, and people have to obey this law.
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This is a process known as ______ where people do not even remember where the opinion originated from.
This is a process known as ______ where people do not even remember where the opinion originated from.
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Asch and Milgram demonstrate that a minority can have an effect on the majority through a ______ or disobedient role model.
Asch and Milgram demonstrate that a minority can have an effect on the majority through a ______ or disobedient role model.
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People are less likely to behave in environmentally friendly ways due to the negative connotations associated with them, such as being called ______.
People are less likely to behave in environmentally friendly ways due to the negative connotations associated with them, such as being called ______.
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Minorities wanting social change should avoid behaviors that reinforce social change, essentially being ______ to the majority.
Minorities wanting social change should avoid behaviors that reinforce social change, essentially being ______ to the majority.
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Psychologists have suggested that being able to identify with a minority group is just as important as ______ with their views in order to change the behavior of the major.
Psychologists have suggested that being able to identify with a minority group is just as important as ______ with their views in order to change the behavior of the major.
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Informational social influence is where a person conforms because they have a desire to be ______, and look to others who they believe may have more information.
Informational social influence is where a person conforms because they have a desire to be ______, and look to others who they believe may have more information.
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In the context of conformity, social roles are the part people play as members of a ______ group.
In the context of conformity, social roles are the part people play as members of a ______ group.
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Agency theory says that people will obey an authority when they believe that the authority will take responsibility for the ______ of their actions.
Agency theory says that people will obey an authority when they believe that the authority will take responsibility for the ______ of their actions.
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Adorno felt that ______ factors rather than situational factors could explain obedience.
Adorno felt that ______ factors rather than situational factors could explain obedience.
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In one of Asch's experimental variations, the presence of a ______ led to a decrease in the conformity levels in true participants.
In one of Asch's experimental variations, the presence of a ______ led to a decrease in the conformity levels in true participants.
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The presence of others who are seen to disobey the authority figure reduced the level of ______ to 10%.
The presence of others who are seen to disobey the authority figure reduced the level of ______ to 10%.
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Conformity to social roles is called ______.
Conformity to social roles is called ______.
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Informational social influence is associated with ______.
Informational social influence is associated with ______.
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Milgram's experiment was carried out many times to identify which ______ factors affected obedience.
Milgram's experiment was carried out many times to identify which ______ factors affected obedience.
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Asch's study showed that people conform because they have a desire to be ______ and look to others who they believe may have more information.
Asch's study showed that people conform because they have a desire to be ______ and look to others who they believe may have more information.
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The term 'Locus of control' refers to how much control a person feels they have in their own ______.
The term 'Locus of control' refers to how much control a person feels they have in their own ______.
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People with a high internal locus of control perceive themselves as having a great deal of personal control over their ______.
People with a high internal locus of control perceive themselves as having a great deal of personal control over their ______.
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Rotter proposes that people with internal locus of control are better at resisting social pressure to ______ or obey.
Rotter proposes that people with internal locus of control are better at resisting social pressure to ______ or obey.
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Moscovici stated that being consistent and unchanging in a view is more likely to influence the ______ than if a minority is inconsistent.
Moscovici stated that being consistent and unchanging in a view is more likely to influence the ______ than if a minority is inconsistent.
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A number of researchers have questioned whether consistency alone is sufficient for a minority to influence a ______.
A number of researchers have questioned whether consistency alone is sufficient for a minority to influence a ______.
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Nemeth's experiment was based on a mock jury in which groups of three participants and one confederate had to decide on the amount of ______ to be given to the victim of a ski-lift accident.
Nemeth's experiment was based on a mock jury in which groups of three participants and one confederate had to decide on the amount of ______ to be given to the victim of a ski-lift accident.
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Social change is usually a result of ______ influence.
Social change is usually a result of ______ influence.
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Committed minorities, such as those who risk themselves for their cause, have an effect on the majority through an ______ principle.
Committed minorities, such as those who risk themselves for their cause, have an effect on the majority through an ______ principle.
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Through these processes, more and more of the majority will gradually change towards the cause, resulting in the ______ effect.
Through these processes, more and more of the majority will gradually change towards the cause, resulting in the ______ effect.
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Moscovici found that consistency is the most important factor in deciding whether the minority are ______ or not.
Moscovici found that consistency is the most important factor in deciding whether the minority are ______ or not.
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Study Notes
Paper Structure
- Psychology exam consists of three papers: Paper 1: Introductory Topics in Psychology, Paper 2: Psychology in Context, and Paper 3: Issues and Options in Psychology
Paper 3 Options
- Paper 3 has three options: Option 1, Option 2, and Option 3
Assessment Objectives
- There are three Assessment Objectives: AO1, AO2, and AO3
AO1: Demonstrate Knowledge
- Involves demonstrating knowledge of psychological concepts and theories
AO2: Application of Knowledge
- Involves applying psychological knowledge to real-life scenarios
- Examiners look for "effective application to the scenario" in answers
- To achieve high marks, students must:
- Describe the relevant theory
- Explain the scenario using the theory
- Make clear links between the theory and the scenario
- Mention all characters in the scenario if there are multiple individuals
AO3: Analyse, Interpret, and Evaluate
- Involves analysing, interpreting, and evaluating scientific information, ideas, and evidence
- Includes analysis of issues related to psychology
- Requires students to:
- Analyse scientific information
- Interpret ideas and evidence
- Evaluate information and evidence in relation to psychological issues
Paper Structure
- Psychology exam consists of three papers: Paper 1: Introductory Topics in Psychology, Paper 2: Psychology in Context, and Paper 3: Issues and Options in Psychology
Paper 3 Options
- Paper 3 has three options: Option 1, Option 2, and Option 3
Assessment Objectives
- There are three Assessment Objectives: AO1, AO2, and AO3
AO1: Demonstrate Knowledge
- Involves demonstrating knowledge of psychological concepts and theories
AO2: Application of Knowledge
- Involves applying psychological knowledge to real-life scenarios
- Examiners look for "effective application to the scenario" in answers
- To achieve high marks, students must:
- Describe the relevant theory
- Explain the scenario using the theory
- Make clear links between the theory and the scenario
- Mention all characters in the scenario if there are multiple individuals
AO3: Analyse, Interpret, and Evaluate
- Involves analysing, interpreting, and evaluating scientific information, ideas, and evidence
- Includes analysis of issues related to psychology
- Requires students to:
- Analyse scientific information
- Interpret ideas and evidence
- Evaluate information and evidence in relation to psychological issues
Paper Structure
- Psychology exam consists of three papers: Paper 1: Introductory Topics in Psychology, Paper 2: Psychology in Context, and Paper 3: Issues and Options in Psychology
Paper 3 Options
- Paper 3 has three options: Option 1, Option 2, and Option 3
Assessment Objectives
- There are three Assessment Objectives: AO1, AO2, and AO3
AO1: Demonstrate Knowledge
- Involves demonstrating knowledge of psychological concepts and theories
AO2: Application of Knowledge
- Involves applying psychological knowledge to real-life scenarios
- Examiners look for "effective application to the scenario" in answers
- To achieve high marks, students must:
- Describe the relevant theory
- Explain the scenario using the theory
- Make clear links between the theory and the scenario
- Mention all characters in the scenario if there are multiple individuals
AO3: Analyse, Interpret, and Evaluate
- Involves analysing, interpreting, and evaluating scientific information, ideas, and evidence
- Includes analysis of issues related to psychology
- Requires students to:
- Analyse scientific information
- Interpret ideas and evidence
- Evaluate information and evidence in relation to psychological issues
Types of Conformity
- Compliance: temporary change in behavior to fit in with a group, but privately disagreeing with the group's viewpoint or behavior
- Example: laughing at a joke to fit in with friends, but not finding it funny
- Study: Asch's Line Study
- Internalisation: publicly and privately changing behavior to fit in with a group, and adopting their views as one's own
- Example: becoming a vegetarian because of a friend's influence, or converting to a new religion
- Study: Jenness
- Identification: conforming to the demands of a social role in society, but without changing internal personal opinions
- Example: a policeman, teacher, or politician following rules and expectations of their role
- Study: Zimbardo's prison study
Explanations for Conformity
- Normative Influence: conforming to fit in with a group because of a desire to avoid social rejection or ridicule
- Example: smoking because friends are doing it, but not really wanting to
- Study: Asch
- Informational Influence: conforming because of a desire to be right, and looking to others for information and guidance
- Example: following someone's lead in a posh restaurant to use the correct fork
- Study: Jenness
Variables Affecting Conformity
- Factors Affecting Conformity
- Asch's studies: changing procedure to investigate situational factors influencing conformity
- Results: conformity levels affected by various factors, such as group size and unanimity
Conformity to Social Roles
- Identification: conforming to the expectations of a social role
- Example: a policeman following rules and expectations of their role
Obedience
- Explanations for Obedience
- The Agentic State: people obey authority when they believe the authority will take responsibility for the consequences
- Example: participants in Milgram's study obeying the experimenter when told they would take responsibility
- Limitations: situational factors affecting obedience, such as the presence of an authority figure
- The Agentic State: people obey authority when they believe the authority will take responsibility for the consequences
Resistance to Social Influence
- Social Support: presence of a dissident giving confidence to reject the majority position
- Example: Asch's study showing decreased conformity levels with a dissident present
- Locus of Control: people with an internal locus of control tend to be more resistant to social influence
- Example: people with internal locus of control feeling more responsible for their actions and being less conforming
Minority Influence
- Consistency: being consistent and unchanging in a view is more likely to influence the majority
- Example: Moscovici's study showing consistency is key to minority influence
- Commitment: self-confidence and dedication to a view can influence the majority
- Example: a minority with a strong commitment to their view can persuade the majority
- Flexibility: appearing flexible and compromising can increase the chances of minority influence
- Example: Nemeth's study showing flexibility and compromise can lead to minority influence
- Social Change: minority influence can lead to social change, especially when the minority has an internal locus of control
- Example: committed minorities risking themselves for their cause can influence the majority and lead to social change
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Description
This quiz covers A Level Psychology past papers, mark schemes, assessment objectives, and application of knowledge in psychology. Prepare for your A Level Psychology exam with this comprehensive quiz.
