51 Questions
Paper 1 is titled ______ Topics in Psychology
Introductory
There are ______ Assessment Objectives
three
AO2 is about the ______ of Knowledge
Application
AO3 involves ______, interpreting and evaluating scientific information
analysing
Resources are available for ______
download
Paper 1 is titled _______ in Psychology
Introductory
There are three papers in the _______ section.
Compulsory
In application questions, examiners look for “effective application to the ______, ”
scenario
AO1 is about _______ Knowledge
Demonstrate
Resources are available for ________
Download
Paper 1 is titled Introductory ______ in Psychology
Topics
There are three ______ in the Psychology section.
papers
AO1 is about demonstrating ______ Knowledge
In application questions, examiners look for “effective application to the ______, ”
scenario
Download PDFs are available for _______ Papers and Mark Schemes
Past
Compliance refers to instances where a person may agree in public with a group of people, but the person privately disagrees with the group’s viewpoint or ______.
behavior
Internalisation occurs when someone conforms to the demands of a group and also privately agrees with ______.
them
Identification occurs when someone conforms to the demands of a given ______ role in society.
social
Normative social influence is where a person conforms to fit in with the group because they don’t want to appear ______ or be left out.
foolish
Normative social influence tends to lead to ______ because the person changes their public behavior but not their private beliefs.
compliance
Internalisation is the deepest level of conformity were the beliefs of the group become part of the individual’s own ______ system.
belief
Zimbardo’s prison study is a good example of ______.
identification
Asch’s Line Study is a study on ______.
compliance
Moscovici investigated the importance of ______ in minority influence.
consistency
Once the minority begin to persuade people round to their way of thinking, a ______ effect begins to happen.
snowball
The majority opinion then becomes ______, and people have to obey this law.
law
This is a process known as ______ where people do not even remember where the opinion originated from.
crypto amnesia
Asch and Milgram demonstrate that a minority can have an effect on the majority through a ______ or disobedient role model.
dissenter
People are less likely to behave in environmentally friendly ways due to the negative connotations associated with them, such as being called ______.
tree huggers
Minorities wanting social change should avoid behaviors that reinforce social change, essentially being ______ to the majority.
off-putting
Psychologists have suggested that being able to identify with a minority group is just as important as ______ with their views in order to change the behavior of the major.
agreeing
Informational social influence is where a person conforms because they have a desire to be ______, and look to others who they believe may have more information.
right
In the context of conformity, social roles are the part people play as members of a ______ group.
social
Agency theory says that people will obey an authority when they believe that the authority will take responsibility for the ______ of their actions.
consequences
Adorno felt that ______ factors rather than situational factors could explain obedience.
personality
In one of Asch's experimental variations, the presence of a ______ led to a decrease in the conformity levels in true participants.
dissident
The presence of others who are seen to disobey the authority figure reduced the level of ______ to 10%.
obedience
Conformity to social roles is called ______.
identification
Informational social influence is associated with ______.
internalisation
Milgram's experiment was carried out many times to identify which ______ factors affected obedience.
situational
Asch's study showed that people conform because they have a desire to be ______ and look to others who they believe may have more information.
right
The term 'Locus of control' refers to how much control a person feels they have in their own ______.
behavior
People with a high internal locus of control perceive themselves as having a great deal of personal control over their ______.
behavior
Rotter proposes that people with internal locus of control are better at resisting social pressure to ______ or obey.
conform
Moscovici stated that being consistent and unchanging in a view is more likely to influence the ______ than if a minority is inconsistent.
majority
A number of researchers have questioned whether consistency alone is sufficient for a minority to influence a ______.
majority
Nemeth's experiment was based on a mock jury in which groups of three participants and one confederate had to decide on the amount of ______ to be given to the victim of a ski-lift accident.
compensation
Social change is usually a result of ______ influence.
minority
Committed minorities, such as those who risk themselves for their cause, have an effect on the majority through an ______ principle.
augmentation
Through these processes, more and more of the majority will gradually change towards the cause, resulting in the ______ effect.
snowball
Moscovici found that consistency is the most important factor in deciding whether the minority are ______ or not.
influential
Study Notes
Paper Structure
- Psychology exam consists of three papers: Paper 1: Introductory Topics in Psychology, Paper 2: Psychology in Context, and Paper 3: Issues and Options in Psychology
Paper 3 Options
- Paper 3 has three options: Option 1, Option 2, and Option 3
Assessment Objectives
- There are three Assessment Objectives: AO1, AO2, and AO3
AO1: Demonstrate Knowledge
- Involves demonstrating knowledge of psychological concepts and theories
AO2: Application of Knowledge
- Involves applying psychological knowledge to real-life scenarios
- Examiners look for "effective application to the scenario" in answers
- To achieve high marks, students must:
- Describe the relevant theory
- Explain the scenario using the theory
- Make clear links between the theory and the scenario
- Mention all characters in the scenario if there are multiple individuals
AO3: Analyse, Interpret, and Evaluate
- Involves analysing, interpreting, and evaluating scientific information, ideas, and evidence
- Includes analysis of issues related to psychology
- Requires students to:
- Analyse scientific information
- Interpret ideas and evidence
- Evaluate information and evidence in relation to psychological issues
Paper Structure
- Psychology exam consists of three papers: Paper 1: Introductory Topics in Psychology, Paper 2: Psychology in Context, and Paper 3: Issues and Options in Psychology
Paper 3 Options
- Paper 3 has three options: Option 1, Option 2, and Option 3
Assessment Objectives
- There are three Assessment Objectives: AO1, AO2, and AO3
AO1: Demonstrate Knowledge
- Involves demonstrating knowledge of psychological concepts and theories
AO2: Application of Knowledge
- Involves applying psychological knowledge to real-life scenarios
- Examiners look for "effective application to the scenario" in answers
- To achieve high marks, students must:
- Describe the relevant theory
- Explain the scenario using the theory
- Make clear links between the theory and the scenario
- Mention all characters in the scenario if there are multiple individuals
AO3: Analyse, Interpret, and Evaluate
- Involves analysing, interpreting, and evaluating scientific information, ideas, and evidence
- Includes analysis of issues related to psychology
- Requires students to:
- Analyse scientific information
- Interpret ideas and evidence
- Evaluate information and evidence in relation to psychological issues
Paper Structure
- Psychology exam consists of three papers: Paper 1: Introductory Topics in Psychology, Paper 2: Psychology in Context, and Paper 3: Issues and Options in Psychology
Paper 3 Options
- Paper 3 has three options: Option 1, Option 2, and Option 3
Assessment Objectives
- There are three Assessment Objectives: AO1, AO2, and AO3
AO1: Demonstrate Knowledge
- Involves demonstrating knowledge of psychological concepts and theories
AO2: Application of Knowledge
- Involves applying psychological knowledge to real-life scenarios
- Examiners look for "effective application to the scenario" in answers
- To achieve high marks, students must:
- Describe the relevant theory
- Explain the scenario using the theory
- Make clear links between the theory and the scenario
- Mention all characters in the scenario if there are multiple individuals
AO3: Analyse, Interpret, and Evaluate
- Involves analysing, interpreting, and evaluating scientific information, ideas, and evidence
- Includes analysis of issues related to psychology
- Requires students to:
- Analyse scientific information
- Interpret ideas and evidence
- Evaluate information and evidence in relation to psychological issues
Types of Conformity
- Compliance: temporary change in behavior to fit in with a group, but privately disagreeing with the group's viewpoint or behavior
- Example: laughing at a joke to fit in with friends, but not finding it funny
- Study: Asch's Line Study
- Internalisation: publicly and privately changing behavior to fit in with a group, and adopting their views as one's own
- Example: becoming a vegetarian because of a friend's influence, or converting to a new religion
- Study: Jenness
- Identification: conforming to the demands of a social role in society, but without changing internal personal opinions
- Example: a policeman, teacher, or politician following rules and expectations of their role
- Study: Zimbardo's prison study
Explanations for Conformity
- Normative Influence: conforming to fit in with a group because of a desire to avoid social rejection or ridicule
- Example: smoking because friends are doing it, but not really wanting to
- Study: Asch
- Informational Influence: conforming because of a desire to be right, and looking to others for information and guidance
- Example: following someone's lead in a posh restaurant to use the correct fork
- Study: Jenness
Variables Affecting Conformity
- Factors Affecting Conformity
- Asch's studies: changing procedure to investigate situational factors influencing conformity
- Results: conformity levels affected by various factors, such as group size and unanimity
Conformity to Social Roles
- Identification: conforming to the expectations of a social role
- Example: a policeman following rules and expectations of their role
Obedience
- Explanations for Obedience
- The Agentic State: people obey authority when they believe the authority will take responsibility for the consequences
- Example: participants in Milgram's study obeying the experimenter when told they would take responsibility
- Limitations: situational factors affecting obedience, such as the presence of an authority figure
- The Agentic State: people obey authority when they believe the authority will take responsibility for the consequences
Resistance to Social Influence
- Social Support: presence of a dissident giving confidence to reject the majority position
- Example: Asch's study showing decreased conformity levels with a dissident present
- Locus of Control: people with an internal locus of control tend to be more resistant to social influence
- Example: people with internal locus of control feeling more responsible for their actions and being less conforming
Minority Influence
- Consistency: being consistent and unchanging in a view is more likely to influence the majority
- Example: Moscovici's study showing consistency is key to minority influence
- Commitment: self-confidence and dedication to a view can influence the majority
- Example: a minority with a strong commitment to their view can persuade the majority
- Flexibility: appearing flexible and compromising can increase the chances of minority influence
- Example: Nemeth's study showing flexibility and compromise can lead to minority influence
- Social Change: minority influence can lead to social change, especially when the minority has an internal locus of control
- Example: committed minorities risking themselves for their cause can influence the majority and lead to social change
This quiz covers A Level Psychology past papers, mark schemes, assessment objectives, and application of knowledge in psychology. Prepare for your A Level Psychology exam with this comprehensive quiz.
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