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Questions and Answers

The brain and spinal cord are covered by 3 layers of coonective tissue membane called

menings

The outer layer of the menings

Dura mater

Middle layer of the menings

Arachnoid

Innermost layer of menings

Pia mater Signup and view all the answers

The liquid that cushions the brain and spinal cord

Cerebral spinal fluid Signup and view all the answers

The network of blood in each ventricles of the brain

Choroid plexuses Signup and view all the answers

The opening of which ventrocle allof csf to enter subarachnoid space where it flows around the brainand spinal cord

4th ventricles Signup and view all the answers

The largest portion of the brain

Cerebrum Signup and view all the answers

The surface of the cerebrum is marked or divided by

gyri Signup and view all the answers

The outer space of cerebrum is

Cerebral cortex Signup and view all the answers

Left side of the brain controls

speech Signup and view all the answers

Parietal lobe

interpretes touch pain tatse Signup and view all the answers

occipital lobe

receives sensory input from eye Signup and view all the answers

temporal lobe

helps for hearing smelling and understanding writing and spoken words Signup and view all the answers

The central part of the brain

Diencephalon Signup and view all the answers

what regulates visceral activities

hypothalamus Signup and view all the answers

What part involves in puberty

Epithalamus Signup and view all the answers

brain stem is called

medullar oblongota Signup and view all the answers

Part of the brain for skeletal muscle, posture, balance

cerebellum Signup and view all the answers

Sensory nerves that carry smell

Olfactory Signup and view all the answers

sensory nerves that carry vision

optic Signup and view all the answers

sensory nerves that control eyes

Oculometer Signup and view all the answers

sensory nerves that control; eye movement

Trochlear Signup and view all the answers

largest cranial nerve

Trigeminal ( touch, temperature,pain , chewing muscle) Signup and view all the answers

Aids in eye movement

Abducens Signup and view all the answers

nerve for hearing

vestibulochlear Signup and view all the answers

nerve for swallowing

Glossopharyngeal Signup and view all the answers

nerve for supply heart, lungs, abdominal viscera

vagus Signup and view all the answers

Nerve to move tongue

hypoglossal Signup and view all the answers

measure of potential energy

voltage Signup and view all the answers

current flow of electrical charge

current Signup and view all the answers

hindrance to charge of flow

resistance Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle maintains the position of pelvic organs and encircles the urethra?

External urethral sphincter Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is responsible for adducting and medially rotating the arm?

Pectoralis major Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is a thick, rounded shoulder mass and is important in abduction?

Deltoid Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is a broad, flat muscle in the lower back and is important in swimming?

Latissimus dorsi Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle flexes the forearm and lifts the ulna?

Brachialis Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is a stabilizer in flexing the forearm?

Brachioradialis Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle acts as a synergist and fixator in the arm and shoulder girdle?

Rotator cuff muscle Signup and view all the answers

Where are the flexors located in the forearm?

Anterior Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle causes the palm to face downward or backward?

Pronators Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is the largest and most superficial of the buttocks?

Gluteal maximus Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is located in the middle of the sole?

Flexor digitorum Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle of the sole is responsible for moving the toes and foot?

Adductor hallucis Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the prime mover or agonist muscle?

Producing movement Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle arrangement includes deltoid and maximus muscles?

Triangular Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of fixators in muscle function?

Providing a stable base for the prime mover Signup and view all the answers

How many origins can skeletal muscles like triceps have?

3 origins Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of a lever?

Rigid bar, fulcrum, effort, and load Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is responsible for controlling the movement of the tongue?

Hyoglossus Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of synergists in muscle function?

Assisting the prime mover to add extra force Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle arrangement includes pennate muscles?

Pennate Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of insertion in muscle anatomy?

It is the movable bone during muscle contraction Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the muscle called orbicularis oculi?

Assisting in eye movement Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the muscle called masseter?

Chewing and closing the jaw Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is responsible for assisting in respiration by contracting during inhalation?

Diaphragm Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Muscle Anatomy and Function

Muscles are attached to bones by tendons
Origin is the stationary bone during muscle contraction, while insertion is the movable bone
Muscles can only pull, not push
Prime mover or agonist is mainly responsible for producing movement
Synergists assist the prime mover to add extra force
Fixators give the prime mover a stable base on which to act
Different types of muscle arrangements include triangular (deltoid), large (maximus), small (minimus), long (longus), rectus, transversus, oblique
Skeletal muscles can have multiple origins, such as triceps (3 origins) and biceps (2 origins)
Different types of muscle arrangements include convergent, circular, parallel, fusiform, pennate (unipennate, bipennate, multipennate)
Levers consist of a rigid bar, fulcrum, effort, and load, with three classes of levers
Specific muscles of the head include occipitofrontalis, orbicularis oculi, zygomaticus, orbicularis oris, buccinator, temporalis, masseter
Muscles of the tongue include hyoglossus, styloglossus, and sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, erector spinae, external and internal intercostals, diaphragm, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, levator scapulae, and levator ani.

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Description

Explore the anatomy and functions of muscles, including muscle attachments, types of muscle arrangements, specific muscles in the head and tongue, and the concept of levers. Learn about prime movers, synergists, and fixators in muscle movements.