Ventilatory response to exercise

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Which of the following is a practical adaptation to supply oxygen to the exercising muscles during exercise?

Increase in cardiac output alone

Increase in tidal volume (correct)

Increase in pulmonary vascular resistance

Decrease in cardiac output redistribution

What is the maximum percentage of vital capacity that tidal volume can reach during exercise?

40%

60% (correct)

80%

100%

Which of the following is a result of hyperventilation during exercise?

Increased respiration rate (correct)

Decreased respiration rate

Decreased minute respiration

Decreased oxygen demand

What is the approximate increase in minute ventilation during exercise compared to rest?

20 times higher Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between tidal volume and vital capacity, and its impact on minute ventilation?

Tidal volume will not exceed 60% of vital capacity, and minute ventilation depends on breathing rate once this limit is reached. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an effect of exercise on pulmonary ventilation?

Increase in pulmonary vascular resistance Signup and view all the answers

How does exercise affect cardiac output redistribution?

It increases blood flow to the muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why an increase in cardiac output alone is not practical in supplying oxygen to the exercising muscles?

It is too slow to meet the oxygen demand Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between breathing rate and minute ventilation during exercise?

Breathing rate determines minute ventilation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between reducing pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and blood flow?

Vasodilation decreases PVR, leading to increased blood flow. Signup and view all the answers

How can vessels be open but have no flow?

The vessels are under low pressure, diverting blood flow to paths with less resistance. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) when there is an increase in perfusion pressure?

PVR increases due to vasoconstriction. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to tidal volume during exercise?

It increases to allow for greater oxygen intake Signup and view all the answers

During exercise, which type of neural influence is responsible for the anticipation of exercise and stimulation of respiratory neurons in the medulla?

Cortical influence Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the regulation of adaptive response during exercise is characterized by maintaining ventilation to maintain Po2, Pco2, and H+ levels?

Phase 2 Signup and view all the answers

During heavy exercise, what can further stimulate ventilation due to high CO2 (H+) levels?

Peripheral influence Signup and view all the answers

In which phase of the regulation of adaptive response during exercise does ventilation remain slightly higher until ATP and creatinine phosphate levels return to normal?

Phase 3 Signup and view all the answers

What happens to ventilation rate during the subside/cooldown phase of exercise?

It gradually returns to normal levels Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the regulation of adaptive response does the peripheral influence play a significant role in maintaining ventilation?

Phase 2 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true regarding the changes in oxygen debt during the regulation of adaptive response to exercise?

Phase 3 results in a complete elimination of oxygen debt Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the metabolic changes during exercise?

During exercise, the Po2, Pco2, and pH of blood are maintained at equilibrium. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the pH of blood during exercise?

The pH of blood becomes lower due to the accumulation of metabolic acid like lactate. Signup and view all the answers

What is the ventilatory threshold?

The point where the minute ventilation increases disproportionately during exercise. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between ventilation and oxygen demand beyond the ventilatory threshold?

Ventilation is no longer solely relied on oxygen demand but is also influenced by metabolic factors like lactate accumulation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the increase in ventilation during exercise?

To maintain equilibrium between O2 supply and demand. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the metabolic changes during exercise?

Po2, Pco2, and pH of blood remain constant Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the increased body temperature during exercise?

Facilitate oxygen dissociation from hemoglobin Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the ventilatory threshold and the anaerobic threshold?

The ventilatory threshold occurs after the anaerobic threshold Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the ventilatory threshold during exercise?

To indicate the transition to anaerobic respiration Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the bicarbonate ions in the blood when metabolic acid (lactate) accumulates during exercise?

Bicarbonate ions decrease Signup and view all the answers

Select the correct statement on ventilatory response or pulmonary adaptation during exercise:

Increased tidal volume Signup and view all the answers

Select the correct statement on regulation or control of ventilatory response before or during exercise:

Cortical influence serves as preparation stage where the anticipation of exercise increases the ventilation Signup and view all the answers

Select the best statement on metabolic changes during exercise for a healthy person.

Hypercapnia in exercise further increases the ventilation rate Signup and view all the answers