Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood back to the left atrium?
Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood back to the left atrium?
What is the primary goal of the pulmonary circulation?
What is the primary goal of the pulmonary circulation?
Which part of the vascular system has lower pressure and vascular resistance compared to the systemic circuit?
Which part of the vascular system has lower pressure and vascular resistance compared to the systemic circuit?
What is the purpose of blood flow redistribution during exercise and rest?
What is the purpose of blood flow redistribution during exercise and rest?
Signup and view all the answers
Which layer of blood vessels is composed of concentric layers of smooth muscle cells?
Which layer of blood vessels is composed of concentric layers of smooth muscle cells?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements about blood flow during exercise is true?
Which of the following statements about blood flow during exercise is true?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of blood vessels have uniquely thin walls composed of only endothelial cells and basement membrane?
Which type of blood vessels have uniquely thin walls composed of only endothelial cells and basement membrane?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements about large arteries is true?
Which of the following statements about large arteries is true?
Signup and view all the answers
Which mediator is responsible for preventing orthostatic hypotension?
Which mediator is responsible for preventing orthostatic hypotension?
Signup and view all the answers
Which mediator is responsible for reducing circulating volume by stimulating natriuresis and diuresis?
Which mediator is responsible for reducing circulating volume by stimulating natriuresis and diuresis?
Signup and view all the answers
Which mediator is targeted by the heart failure drug sacubitril?
Which mediator is targeted by the heart failure drug sacubitril?
Signup and view all the answers
Which mediator is tonically produced by normal endothelial cells and promotes vasodilation?
Which mediator is tonically produced by normal endothelial cells and promotes vasodilation?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following factors is the main determinant of vascular resistance on a minute-to-minute basis?
Which of the following factors is the main determinant of vascular resistance on a minute-to-minute basis?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following represents the greatest amount of resistance in the systemic circulation?
Which of the following represents the greatest amount of resistance in the systemic circulation?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements is true regarding the dual role of arterioles?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the dual role of arterioles?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a short-term regulator of blood pressure?
Which of the following is NOT a short-term regulator of blood pressure?
Signup and view all the answers
Which hypothesis of autoregulation suggests that decreased pressure and flow result in buildup of vasodilator metabolites that produce vasodilation, while increased pressure and flow wash out vasodilator metabolites, producing vasoconstriction?
Which hypothesis of autoregulation suggests that decreased pressure and flow result in buildup of vasodilator metabolites that produce vasodilation, while increased pressure and flow wash out vasodilator metabolites, producing vasoconstriction?
Signup and view all the answers
Which hormone is secreted by the juxtaglomerular apparatus of the nephrons in response to low blood pressure?
Which hormone is secreted by the juxtaglomerular apparatus of the nephrons in response to low blood pressure?
Signup and view all the answers
Which enzyme converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II?
Which enzyme converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II?
Signup and view all the answers
Which receptor is activated by vasopressin, leading to vasoconstriction?
Which receptor is activated by vasopressin, leading to vasoconstriction?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following occurs when the arterial wall weakens in response to increased pressure, causing a viscous cycle of dilation, increased radius, increased tension, and ultimately a weakened wall?
Which of the following occurs when the arterial wall weakens in response to increased pressure, causing a viscous cycle of dilation, increased radius, increased tension, and ultimately a weakened wall?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is true about blood flow velocity and cross-sectional area?
Which of the following is true about blood flow velocity and cross-sectional area?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the most important biochemical mediator for maintaining vessel patency and vascular wall health, and lowering blood pressure?
What is the most important biochemical mediator for maintaining vessel patency and vascular wall health, and lowering blood pressure?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a major pathophysiological change associated with the abundance of sympathetic nervous system activity in arterioles?
Which of the following is a major pathophysiological change associated with the abundance of sympathetic nervous system activity in arterioles?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a baroreflex compensatory response to an acute drop in blood pressure?
Which of the following is a baroreflex compensatory response to an acute drop in blood pressure?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the effect of sympathetic stimulation on the sinoatrial node?
What is the effect of sympathetic stimulation on the sinoatrial node?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the effect of sympathetic stimulation on the cardiac ventricles?
What is the effect of sympathetic stimulation on the cardiac ventricles?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the effect of sympathetic vasoconstrictor activity on vascular smooth muscle?
What is the effect of sympathetic vasoconstrictor activity on vascular smooth muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the most likely cause of the patient's spell?
What is the most likely cause of the patient's spell?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the two hypotheses of origin for hypertension?
What are the two hypotheses of origin for hypertension?
Signup and view all the answers
