Key Skills Session 2

<p>Every stage of the life cycle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By considering the life cycle system in its entirety (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Life Cycle Management is a practical application of Life Cycle Thinking (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A role to play from cradle to grave/cradle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Criteria for excluding certain materials based on specific measures. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gate to Cradle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The depth of detail considered for different life cycle stages. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By focusing primarily on use in the United States. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The specific materials used in production. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To evaluate environmental impacts and improve design decisions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When will the LCA process begin? (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Design and engineering teams as well as the public (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enhanced brand value for competitive differentiation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To target factors influencing environmental impacts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Develop a marketing strategy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It defines the specific objectives of the study. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The stakeholders who will use the findings (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps to create more environmentally friendly products. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Any interested party wanting to understand the data and assumptions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A fair basis to compare options (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An action describing the product’s purpose or its components’ purposes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Core actions the product is designed to perform (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The quantified performance of a system of products serving as a reference (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It should relate to a quantity of service rather than physical product (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Store student’s belongings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enhancements that provide extra value to the user (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Understanding drivers of environmental impact (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assuming physical quantity equals function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Active usage of product for 10,000 hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Environmental impacts and unit processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emissions that directly enter the environment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intermediate products or wastes between actors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Application of broad definitions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assessment from resource extraction to delivery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They may not reflect environmental efficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10,000 hours of usage for performance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physical quantity equates to functionality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering the environmental, social, and economic impacts of a product throughout its entire lifespan, not just production.

A process that evaluates the environmental impact of a product at all stages of its life cycle.

Different phases in a product's life cycle (design, component processing, production, etc.), each with potential for environmental impact reduction and improvement.

The series of phases a product goes through from its creation to its disposal, impacting its lifecycle assessment.

The development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs – a driver of Life Cycle Thinking.

Overall management of a product's entire lifecycle with its environmental, social and economic impacts considered.

Shifting the environmental impact of a product or process from one stage of its lifecycle to another, often from one region or entity to another.

The reason or purpose behind conducting a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). It defines the specific objectives and goals of the study.

The group of people for whom the LCA results are intended. This might be internal teams, suppliers, the public, or even competitors.

The specific aspects, boundaries, and limitations of the LCA. It determines what is included in the study and what is excluded.

The process of defining the clear objectives and ambitions of the LCA study. It guides the analysis and ensures that the information gathered is relevant and valuable.

An example of an LCA study examining the environmental impact of different hand dryers, with specific goals to evaluate impact, identify key factors, and inform design decisions.

One of the key goals of an LCA is to understand the environmental, health, and potentially social impacts of a product throughout its lifecycle.

LCA results can help identify areas for improvement in product design, leading to more sustainable and environmentally friendly products.

LCA results help make informed procurement decisions by considering the environmental performance of different products or materials.

LCA findings can support communication initiatives and help demonstrate compliance with regulations and sustainability goals.

An action describing the product's purpose or the product's components' purpose(s). A simple way to describe a function: verb + complements.

The essential purpose of a product, focusing on its core capabilities.

Secondary features or capabilities of a product beyond its core function, offering extra benefits.

A quantified measure of a product's performance or service, used as a reference point for comparison in an LCA study.

The FU should be a quantifiable measure of the product's performance or service, directly related to its function.

A functional unit for a chair could be 'hours of sitting' or 'number of sittings' to quantify its use.

A functional unit for a hand dryer could be 'number of hands dried' or 'litres of water removed'.

A functional unit for an electric car could be 'kilometres driven' or 'passenger-kilometres' to consider its transport service.

System boundaries define the scope of an LCA study by specifying which life cycle stages are included (e.g., Cradle to Gate, Cradle to Grave, Cradle to Cradle) and the level of scrutiny for each stage, such as cut-off rules.

Cut-off rules determine which elements of a product's life cycle are excluded from an LCA study. These rules can focus on aspects like weight, cost, or environmental impact.

A life cycle assessment that considers the environmental impact from raw material extraction to final disposal or end-of-life.

A life cycle assessment that considers the environmental impact from raw material extraction to the point of delivery or sale.

A life cycle assessment that considers the environmental impact from raw material extraction to the point where the product is recycled or reused.

Assuming that the same physical quantity of a product means the same functionality. For example, 1 kg of packaging material might offer different levels of protection depending on its type.

Defining the FU too narrowly, limiting potential solutions and making comparisons less meaningful.

Overemphasis on technical standards or legal requirements in the FU definition, which may not fully represent the actual function of the product.

The lines that define what is included and excluded in a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) study. It determines the scope of the assessment.

The part of the world influenced by human activities, including the production, consumption, and disposal of goods and services.

The natural environment, including air, water, soil, and living organisms, which is affected by human activities.

Direct interactions of a product or process with the environment, such as resource extraction or emissions.

Interactions between different actors in a product's life cycle, including material and product exchanges between companies.