Untitled Quiz
25 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What primary role does the parietal lobe serve in the central nervous system?

  • Regulates emotional responses
  • Controls cognitive functions like decision making
  • Receives inputs from the skin and muscles (correct)
  • Processes visual information

Which structure is included as a part of the cerebrum?

  • Brainstem
  • Cerebellum
  • Hypothalamus
  • Cerebral cortex (correct)

Which function is primarily associated with the frontal lobe of the brain?

  • Managing visual perceptions
  • Processing auditory sensations
  • Coordinating muscle movements
  • Evaluating language and memory (correct)

What does the action potential mechanism primarily involve?

<p>Changes in ion permeability across the membrane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of neurotransmitters in the nervous system?

<p>They facilitate communication between neurons through synaptic transmission. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What specific function does the cerebellum perform within the central nervous system?

<p>Coordination of voluntary actions without awareness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary functions of the temporal lobe?

<p>Processing auditory and olfactory sensations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structures are primarily associated with the limbic system?

<p>Hippocampus and amygdala (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main parts of the human nervous system?

<p>Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) and the Central Nervous System (CNS) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which division of the peripheral nervous system is responsible for voluntary actions?

<p>Somatic Nervous System (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do afferent neurons play in the nervous system?

<p>They transmit sensory information to the CNS (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the parasympathetic nervous system?

<p>To maintain homeostasis and routine operations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the sympathetic nervous system's function?

<p>It prepares the body for action during stressful situations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of efferent neurons?

<p>To carry signals from the CNS to the muscles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of the autonomic nervous system?

<p>Controlling involuntary bodily functions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which two components make up the divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

<p>Sympathetic and Parasympathetic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a neurotransmitter?

<p>To relay signal impulses across synapses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines the relative refractory period in neuronal activity?

<p>When a neuron can only fire with strong stimulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which function of the parietal lobe is most accurately described?

<p>Regulating bodily sensations and integrating senses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the frontal lobe?

<p>Handling complex cognitive tasks and decision making (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by the resting membrane potential of a neuron?

<p>The interior has a higher concentration of negatively charged ions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the peripheral nervous system responsible for?

<p>Controlling somatic and autonomic behaviors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for the insulation of a neuron's axon?

<p>The myelin sheath (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What part of the brain is primarily involved in vision?

<p>Occipital lobe (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of nervous system behavior is primarily under the control of the autonomic nervous system?

<p>Breathing and heart rate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

CNS Components

The central nervous system (CNS) comprises the brain, brainstem, and spinal cord.

CNS Function

The CNS processes information and regulates body functions, from organs to movement.

Brain's Role

The brain is the central processing unit for the nervous system; it handles sensations, thoughts, emotions, and more.

Limbic System Structures

The limbic system includes hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, insula cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and prefrontal cortex.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cerebellum Function

The cerebellum coordinates unconscious bodily movements.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cerebrum Inclusion

The cerebrum includes the cerebral cortex, the most developed brain part.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Frontal Lobe Role

The frontal lobe is responsible for higher-level cognition, such as language, memory, decisions, and problem-solving.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Parietal Lobe Role

The parietal lobe process sensory inputs from the skin and muscles.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Occipital Lobe Content

The occipital lobe contains the primary visual cortex.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Temporal Lobe Function

The temporal lobe processes hearing, and smell.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nervous System Parts

The human nervous system is divided into two main parts: the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Peripheral Nervous System Function

The PNS controls voluntary (somatic) and involuntary (autonomic) actions via nerves extending from the CNS.

Signup and view all the flashcards

PNS Divisions

The Peripheral Nervous System is divided into the Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Efferent Neuron Role

Efferent neurons send signals from the CNS to muscles, initiating actions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Afferent Neuron Role

Afferent neurons bring sensory information to the CNS.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Autonomic Divisions

The Autonomic Nervous System is divided into the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Systems.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sympathetic NS

Prepares the body for stressful situations (fight-or-flight).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Parasympathetic NS

Restores the body to normal functions after stressful situations (rest-and-digest).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Neuron

A building block in the nervous system that receives and transmits information using electrical and chemical processes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Neurotransmitter

A chemical that relays signal impulses across synapses among neurons.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Occipital Lobe

The back part of the brain involved in vision.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Part of the peripheral nervous system that restores and calms physiological responses to maintain homeostasis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Parietal Lobe

The part of the brain involved in bodily sensations and integrating senses.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Peripheral Nervous System

Part of the nervous system controlling voluntary and involuntary behaviors via cranial and spinal nerves.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Refractory Period

Time when a neuron cannot fire an impulse.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Relative Refractory Period

Neuron responding only to very strong stimulation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Resting Membrane Potential

Neuron's interior with more negative ions than the outside.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Retina

Cell layer in the back of the eye containing photoreceptors.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Soma

The cell body of a neuron containing the nucleus and genetic information directing protein synthesis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Somatic Nervous System

Part of the peripheral nervous system that controls voluntary movements.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Nervous System Overview

  • The two major parts of the human nervous system are the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) and the Central Nervous System (CNS).
  • The human nervous system controls all human behaviors.
  • The peripheral nervous system (PNS) controls voluntary somatic and involuntary autonomic behaviors through cranial and spinal nerves.
  • The two divisions of the PNS are the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.
  • Efferent neurons carry signals from the CNS to muscles.
  • Afferent neurons carry sensory information to the CNS.
  • The divisions of the autonomic nervous system are the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
  • The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for stress responses (fight-or-flight).
  • The parasympathetic nervous system returns the body to normal functioning and homeostasis.
  • The CNS includes the brain, brainstem, and spinal cord.
  • The CNS processes information and regulates function from organs to body movement.
  • The brain is the headquarters of the nervous system, responsible for sensation, perception, thoughts, awareness, emotions, and planning.
  • The limbic system includes the hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, insula, anterior cingulate cortex, and prefrontal cortex.
  • The cerebellum coordinates actions unconsciously.
  • The cerebrum contains the cerebral cortex, considered the most advanced portion of the brain.
  • The frontal lobe controls cognitive functions like language, memory, decision-making, and problem-solving.
  • The parietal lobe receives input from skin and muscles.
  • The occipital lobe contains the primary visual cortex, responsible for vision.
  • The temporal lobe processes auditory and olfactory information.
  • An action potential is an "all-or-nothing" event, where a neuron's charge changes.

Action Potentials

  • An action potential requires a neuron to reach a threshold of excitation.
  • Neurons can have excitatory (EPSP) and inhibitory (IPSP) potentials.
  • EPSPs depolarize the membrane, making it more positive and likely to fire an action potential.
  • IPSPs hyperpolarize the membrane, moving it further from the threshold and reducing the likelihood of firing.
  • When EPSPs and IPSPs occur at the same time, they may cancel each other out.
  • Two EPSPs sum together to create a larger depolarization.
  • Two IPSPs together result in a larger hyperpolarization.
  • The refractory period is the time a neuron cannot fire a repeated action potential, comprised of the absolute and relative refractory periods.
  • During ARP, a neuron is unable to send a new impulse regardless of stimulus intensity, because sodium channels are inactive.
  • The RRP occurs when a neuron can respond to a stimulus, but it needs a stronger one than usual.
  • Neurotransmitters are released when action potentials reach the axon's terminal buttons.
  • Dendrites receive signals from other neurons.
  • When neurotransmitters bind to receptors on receiving neurons, their effect might be excitatory (making the neuron more likely to fire) or inhibitory(making the neuron less likely to fire).
  • Action potentials move down axons via jumps from node to node, by each new segment becoming positive.
  • The all-or-nothing principle means firing an action potential more strongly is not possible, although the neuron can fire faster.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Nervous System Overview PDF

More Like This

Untitled Quiz
6 questions

Untitled Quiz

AdoredHealing avatar
AdoredHealing
Untitled Quiz
37 questions

Untitled Quiz

WellReceivedSquirrel7948 avatar
WellReceivedSquirrel7948
Untitled Quiz
18 questions

Untitled Quiz

RighteousIguana avatar
RighteousIguana
Untitled Quiz
50 questions

Untitled Quiz

JoyousSulfur avatar
JoyousSulfur
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser