Juncos Readings
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Questions and Answers

Which value is often emphasized in non-European societies and contrasts with European frameworks?

  • Relationality (correct)
  • Democracy
  • Individualism
  • Competition

    • What alternative governance structure might challenge state-centric views in European foreign policy?

  • International organizations
  • Tribes and clans (correct)
  • Local governments
  • Democratic coalitions

    • Why is linguistic decentring important in the study of foreign policy?

  • It decreases the accessibility of foreign literature.
  • It promotes the learning of multiple languages.
  • It influences the meaning of concepts in non-European languages. (correct)
  • It restricts research to English sources.

    • What does disciplinary decentring critique in foreign policy studies?

    <p>Dominance of Western methodologies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the term 'mianzi' in the context of Asian values?

    <p>Face or reputation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can enhance the understanding of local governance in foreign policy studies?

    <p>Incorporating primary sources in local languages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which framework emphasizes community and relationality in the African context?

    <p>Ubuntu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do tribal dynamics play in the study of foreign policy?

    <p>They offer insights into local governance and its interactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of federalism as discussed in the content?

    <p>High-politics, particularly war and peace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach considers the gradual erosion of state sovereignty as essential to global integration?

    <p>Functionalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes neofunctionalism from federalism in the context of European integration?

    <p>Neofunctionalism views integration as a source of spillover.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two main international relations theories critique the Eurocentric viewpoint of earlier frameworks?

    <p>Liberalism and Realism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical characteristic of realism regarding European integration?

    <p>States prioritize national sovereignty in high politics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do liberalists perceive EU institutions in regard to state interactions?

    <p>As effective forums for cooperation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect does functionalism emphasize in contrast to federalism?

    <p>Low-politics over high-politics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement reflects a critique of the earlier frameworks of European integration?

    <p>They are overly normative and Eurocentric.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) of the EU?

    <p>To promote international cooperation among member states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following dimensions is NOT mentioned as a way to observe Europeanization in national foreign policy?

    <p>Military integration among member states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor has complicated the development of a unified European foreign policy?

    <p>Presence of NATO and American security guarantees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treaty is associated with significant milestones in the development of a European foreign policy?

    <p>The Maastricht Treaty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one impact of the crises in Yugoslavia and Iraq on European foreign policy?

    <p>They accelerated the momentum for European foreign and security policy development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has been a consistent outcome of the CFSP's structure and decision-making?

    <p>Coordination of information and policy actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which historical meeting is associated with the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP)?

    <p>The St. Malo meeting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the institutional setup of the CFSP?

    <p>An intergovernmental structure emphasizing cooperation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What main themes are discussed in the readings related to European foreign policy?

    <p>Intergovernmentalism and supranationalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of EU foreign policy does Maria Giulia Amadio Viceré specifically address?

    <p>The High Representative's influence on Kosovo and Ukraine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary focuses of Benjamin Pohl's work on European security policy?

    <p>An analysis of bandwagoning and balancing strategies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which author discusses the operationalization of the decentring agenda in relation to European foreign policy?

    <p>Stephan Keukeleire and Sharon Lecocq</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central theme of the chapter by Robert Ladrech on Europeanization?

    <p>The influence of Europeanization on national politics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What topic is covered by the article on EU sanctions on Russia by Portela et al.?

    <p>The persistence and effectiveness of sanctions against Russia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of the EU's prioritization of stability over democracy in the Western Balkans?

    <p>Increased support for authoritarian regimes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which publication explores the intersection of European foreign policy and international relations theories?

    <p>The European Union and Theories of International Relations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key focus of the reading by Clara Portela and colleagues?

    <p>The process of achieving consensus in EU sanctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to the EU's lower credibility in the Western Balkans?

    <p>High levels of economic stability in candidate countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'Copenhagen Plus' criteria emphasize for Western Balkan candidates?

    <p>Full cooperation with the ICTY</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenge is posed by the EU's increased emphasis on democratic norms in the SEE compared to the CEE?

    <p>Increased complexity of negotiations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might the EU's conditionality be less effective in the SEE than in CEE countries?

    <p>SEE countries have started from a lower level of fit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does high EU membership popularity have on SEE countries?

    <p>It lowers domestic adoption costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a reason for the EU's lack of consistency in applying democratic conditionality in the Western Balkans?

    <p>Guarantees of stability provided by governments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How has the increased emphasis on rule of law affected the negotiation process with SEE countries?

    <p>It has linked the opening of chapters to progress in rule-of-law areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the main objectives of France regarding CSDP operations?

    <p>To demonstrate the EU's ability to act autonomously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the UK approach CSDP operations in relation to the US?

    <p>They supported US objectives almost by default.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterized Germany's support for EU operations?

    <p>Their support was influenced by a desire to demonstrate EU utility to the US.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the main reasons for EULEX in Kosovo?

    <p>To fill a leadership void caused by the deadlock in Kosovo's status negotiations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What approach did France take regarding the police mission in Afghanistan (EUPOL)?

    <p>They drew a conscious distinction from US preferences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which operation was characterized by Germany's hesitant stance on Kosovo's recognition?

    <p>EULEX Kosovo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What reason did the UK have for supporting EU operations?

    <p>To assist the US and validate the Berlin Plus framework.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did France play in the EUFOR Chad/CAR operation?

    <p>The sole initiator actively lobbying for participation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a notable difference in the approaches of France and the UK regarding CSDP?

    <p>France focused on autonomy while the UK purely prioritized alliance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What overall conclusion can be drawn about the EU's approach during these operations?

    <p>EU actions reflected a balancing act between autonomy and cooperation with the US.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Session 1: Why Cooperate? Theorizing European Foreign Policy

    • Realists try to understand European security developments using their concepts and vocabulary. Neither bandwagoning nor balancing fully captures the developments
    • The balancing proposition does not explain why EU members support rather than constrain US foreign policy.
    • European security policies are driven by shared liberal consensus and diverging national preferences/priorities
    • Examines how British, French, and German governments supported/opposed military/civilian missions in Bosnia, Chad, and Afghanistan.
    • Analyzes the impact of transatlantic relations on EU cooperation in foreign, security, and defense (CSDP) realms.

    Session 2: The Making of European Foreign Policy

    • The Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) developed as an intergovernmental approach due to the sensitivity of foreign, security, and defense policies considered core elements of national sovereignty by some member states.
    • Attempts to move towards supranational decision-making in the CFSP encountered resistance.
    • Over time, the CFSP has seen greater institutionalization.
    • The European Commission has exclusive right of initiative for proposals, implementation, as well as budgetary management in CFSP/CSDP matters.
    • The European Parliament has budgetary powers to discuss/debate CFSP/CSDP issues.
    • The High Representative for Foreign Affairs (HR/VP) plays a crucial role to promote consistency in EU's external action
    • The Council of Ministers, and their committee, COREPER, shape EU external action.

    Session 3: The Europeanization of National Foreign Policies

    • The Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) has led to adaptations and harmonization among member states through exchanges of information and policy options.
    • EU institutions' influence over national foreign policies is limited, creating a question of how much Europeanization affects.
    • Three dimensions of Europeanization: change in domestic institutional setup, domestic policies, and domestic values.
    • The development of a European foreign policy dimension has been a gradual process- there hasn't been unanimous agreement to Europeanize foreign policy/security .
    • The role of NATO and American security guarantees has decreased urgency to develop a distinct European defense identity.

    Session 4: Promoting Democracy in the Neighborhood

    • The External Incentives Model (EIM) aims to explain the Europeanization of Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) through the EU's accession conditionality.

    • Concerns exist about conditional sustainability and replication of the model in other contexts., like the Southern European (SEE) region where the progress is slow.

    • Whether EU conditionality results in real democratic change or just formal compliance is questioned.

    Session 5: The EU Global Strategy and the pursuit of strategic autonomy

    • The EU needs a strategy with a shared vision and common action to address security challenges.
    • The necessity of a stronger Union is still prevalent.
    • The EU has strong diplomatic and economic power.
    • The EU is expected to play a major role in providing global security.
    • The EU needs to deliver what European citizens need and make partnerships work together.

    Session 6: A Global Security Actor? The Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP)

    • The EU's CSDP missions have showcased ability to respond to crises; providing humanitarian aid, peace-making, and conflict-prevention tasks.
    • The 2016 EU Global Strategy re-affirmed EU's focus on crisis response and capacity development.
    • Hybrid threats and evolving geopolitical circumstances are making existing CSDP models insufficient.
    • EU's diplomatic tools, including anti-piracy operations, have faced challenges that demonstrate the EU's ongoing struggle to fully achieve strategic autonomy.

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