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What is one major characteristic of packet switching compared to previous communication methods?

  • It requires a constant point-to-point circuit to transmit data.
  • It only functions over wired networks.
  • It sends messages as a single, complete unit.
  • It allows messages to be split into smaller packets for more efficient routing. (correct)

    • Which statement best describes Software-Defined Networking (SDN)?

  • It predominantly focuses on enhancing hardware capabilities.
  • It allows switches and routers to operate independently.
  • It eliminates the need for central program management.
  • It centralizes the management of network devices through software. (correct)

    • What defines client-server computing in a distributed network model?

  • It allows for centralized management of client devices only.
  • The server maintains the rules and organization of network communication. (correct)
  • Clients directly interact with each other without a server.
  • Clients do not require unique addresses to connect to the server.

    • Which of the following best describes broadband wireless communication?

    <p>It supports both voice and data communication over vast networks. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a major component of a simple network?

    <p>Mainframe computers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In client-server computing, how does the server identify clients on the network?

    <p>By assigning a specific address to each client. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary characteristic of Business-to-Business (B2B) e-commerce?

    <p>It uses a range of Internet-enabled technologies for transactions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP) contribute to packet switching?

    <p>It performs error checking on packet transmission. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of disintermediation in a transaction or supply chain?

    <p>To reduce costs or increase delivery speed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does a Virtual Private Network (VPN) serve?

    <p>To provide a secure, encrypted, private network over the Internet (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does disintermediation affect the financial sector?

    <p>It allows for the removal of banks and brokers from transactions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of digital goods?

    <p>The cost of producing the first unit is nearly the entire cost of the product (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protocol is commonly associated with secure point-to-point connections?

    <p>PPTP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology was foundational to the development of search engines?

    <p>Keyword indexes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the cost of delivery for digital goods typically reflect?

    <p>It is very low compared to other types of goods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the challenges associated with disintermediation?

    <p>It may require more staffing and resources to replace intermediary services (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Java Virtual Machine (JVM)?

    <p>To convert Java code to the native language of a computer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which programming language is recognized as the predecessor to Swift?

    <p>Objective-C (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)' refer to?

    <p>A set of self-contained services communicating with each other (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which markup language is considered more powerful and flexible than HTML?

    <p>XML (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of normalization in database design?

    <p>To streamline complex groupings of data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes referential integrity in relational databases?

    <p>Rules that maintain consistency in table relationships (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'BYOD' stand for in the context of consumerization of IT?

    <p>Bring Your Own Device (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are web services primarily used for?

    <p>Exchanging information using web standards and languages (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do non-relational databases differ from traditional relational databases?

    <p>They provide a more flexible data model and easier scalability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a source for software outsourcing and cloud services?

    <p>Custom built software solutions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of big data?

    <p>It often reveals patterns and anomalies through analysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines surveillance capitalism as explained in the context of big data?

    <p>The practice of using free data to enhance company profits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key aspect does virtualization provide in computing resources?

    <p>Enables access not limited by physical setup (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes blockchain technology?

    <p>A distributed ledger used for financial transactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key challenge faced by traditional DBMS when dealing with big data?

    <p>Difficulty in managing petabytes or exabytes of data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do entity-relationship diagrams (ERDs) play in database design?

    <p>They define and organize the relationships between data elements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic defines a computer virus?

    <p>It attaches to other programs and can replicate itself without permission. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly distinguishes between a virus and a worm?

    <p>Viruses require a host program, while worms can operate independently. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of Trojan horses in the context of malware?

    <p>They appear benign but deliver harmful software once activated. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the concept of Artificial Intelligence (AI)?

    <p>The simulation of human intelligence in machines to perform complex tasks. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do AI systems utilize data inputs?

    <p>They take inputs, process them, and produce diverse outputs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of AI development according to the grand vision?

    <p>To develop hardware as smart as humans in all aspects. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of threat is specifically designed to harm or exploit devices?

    <p>Malware (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between malware and computer viruses?

    <p>Malware includes any harmful software, whereas viruses are a specific subset. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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