3rd Grade Science Quiz: Electricity and Nervous System

Electric Current Flow

• The flow of electrical charge in an electronic circuit is called current.
• Current flows from a region of higher potential to a region of lower potential.
• The direction of current flow is conventionally defined as the direction positive charges would move.

Unit of Measurement

• The standard unit of measurement for current is the Ampere (A).
• One Ampere is defined as the flow of one Coulomb of charge per second.

Ohm's Law and Current Calculation

• Ohm's Law states that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across its ends.
• The formula to calculate current using Ohm's Law is: I = V / R
  • Where:
    • I is the current in Amperes (A)
    • V is the voltage in Volts (V)
    • R is the resistance in Ohms (Ω)

Power Calculation

• Power is the rate at which energy is transferred.
• The formula to calculate power using current and voltage is: P = I * V
  • Where:
    • P is the power in Watts (W)
    • I is the current in Amperes (A)
    • V is the voltage in Volts (V)

Electric Circuit Components

• The essential components of an electric circuit include:
  • Source of electrical energy: Provides the potential difference or voltage (e.g., battery, power supply).
  • Load: Consumes electrical energy (e.g., light bulb, motor, resistor).
  • Conductor: Provides a path for the current to flow (e.g., wire, printed circuit board).
  • Switch: Opens or closes the circuit to control the flow of current.
  • Control Devices: Regulate the current flow or voltage (e.g., resistors, capacitors, inductors).