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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of the DOGME approach to language learning?

Using textbooks for structured learning.

Conversational interactions and real communication. (correct)

Learning through repetitive drills.

Rote memorization of grammar rules.

Which of the following statements best describes the Grammar Translation approach?

It encourages creative writing through lexical units.

It emphasizes reading classical texts in their original language. (correct)

It promotes extensive speaking practice.

It focuses on immersive language acquisition without grammar rules.

In the Lexical Approach, how is grammar perceived compared to vocabulary?

Grammar is secondary and learned through vocabulary chunks. (correct)

Grammar is considered more important than vocabulary.

Grammar is taught independently of vocabulary.

Grammar rules are memorized before vocabulary is introduced.

What technique is commonly used in the Natural Approach to language learning?

Imitation of first language learning processes. Signup and view all the answers

Which learning strategy is NOT typically associated with the Grammar Translation method?

Total immersion in conversational practice. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a method from an approach in language teaching?

An approach defines the theory behind language teaching. Signup and view all the answers

How do learners typically engage with language in the DOGME approach?

Through emergent language and discourse-level skills. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)?

A method focused on developing communicative competence. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key teaching technique of the Lexical Approach?

Focusing on lexical units and collocations. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of the Audiolingual Approach?

It relies heavily on memorizing dialogues. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an essential principle of the Natural Approach?

Language acquisition should mirror first language development. Signup and view all the answers

How does Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) support language acquisition?

By integrating subject matter and language skills. Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is commonly used in the Audiolingual Approach?

Listening and repeating. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main aim of employing techniques in Communicative Language Teaching?

Encouraging meaningful communication among learners. Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is not emphasized by Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL)?

Memorizing vocabulary lists. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of learner-centeredness in language teaching approaches?

It facilitates greater engagement and intrinsic motivation. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

ELT Approaches and Methods

ELT approaches are theories behind how a language should be taught
ELT methods are ways of implementing an approach
ELT techniques are specific classroom tasks and activities
**Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) ** is an approach based on the idea that a language is for communication
CLT methods may include functional or structural syllabus, but the learner is the focus
CLT aims to develop learners' communicative competency
CLT techniques include role-plays, discussions, speaking games, and problem-solving activities

The Audiolingual Approach

The Audiolingual Approach is based on a structuralist view of language and behaviorist psychology
The Audiolingual Approach uses a mechanistic method that exposes learners to complex grammatical structures
The Audiolingual Approach learners listen and respond to the language
The Audiolingual Approach often involves memorizing dialogues
The Audiolingual Approach does not explicitly teach grammar.
The Audiolingual Approach techniques include listening and repeating, oral drilling, memorizing dialogues
The Audiolingual Approach aims to achieve accuracy of language forms and patterns

Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL)

CLIL combines the learning of a subject matter with learning the target language
CLIL learners engage with the language in order to fulfill learning objectives
CLIL fosters intercultural understanding, meaningful language use, and development of skills for use in the real world
CLIL employs immersion in the target language, with content and activities dictated by the subject taught
CLIL activities tend to integrate the four skills (reading, writing, speaking, and listening)
CLIL techniques involve reading subject-specific texts, listening to subject-based audio or audio-visual resources, discussions, and subject-related tasks

DOGME

DOGME is a humanistic communicative approach that focuses on conversational interactions
DOGME learners and the teacher work together on the development of knowledge and skills
DOGME method generally eschews the use of textbooks and published materials
DOGME favors real communication and the development of discourse-level skills
DOGME language may be scaffolded by the teacher, with attention paid to emergent forms
DOGME topics are chosen based on their relevance to the learners.
DOGME techniques include conversational activities and exposure to the language through real-life texts, audio, and video materials

Grammar Translation

Grammar Translation is an approach to language study generally used to prepare students for reading classical texts
Grammar Translation learners benefit from learning about the ideas of classical thinkers, and from the rigor of rote learning and the application of grammatical rules
Grammar Translation method commonly involves learning grammar rules plus vocabulary lists based on the content of chosen texts
Grammar Translation learners apply rules to the written translation of texts from and into the target language
Grammar Translation teaching is usually done in the student’s native language
Grammar Translation has little emphasis on speaking, other than to recite sections of text
Grammar Translation techniques include rote learning and drilling, translation activities, and recitation

The Lexical Approach

The Lexical Approach is based on the idea that language comprises lexical units (chunks, collocations, and fixed phrases)
The Lexical Approach views grammar as secondary and acquired through learning lexical chunks.
The Lexical Approach method focuses on learning sets of phrase-level, multi-word vocabulary and linguistic frames that can be manipulated by the learner
The Lexical Approach can be done through adapting standard EFL activities.
The Lexical Approach techniques could include searching texts for lexical units, collocation matching games, lexical drills and chants, story-telling, role plays using fixed and semi-fixed expressions, activities with de-lexical verbs and examining concordances

The Natural Approach

The Natural Approach to language learning seeks to mirror how we learn our first language.
The Natural Approach methods focus on the possibility of ‘acquiring’ a second language rather than having to learn it artificially.